based on observations of that cell under a microscope. Identify all of the organisms that you viewed. Know all of the names‚ the test is not multiple choice! Know which formed multi-cellular structures and which did not. 2. Compare the how the pigments of Elodea‚ red pepper and purple onion skin are distributed in a cell. 3. Describe the appearance of chloroplasts in Elodea‚ what is streaming? 4. Label the plant and animal cell models‚ be able to identify as either plant or animal based on
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Planktons: groups of tiny floating organisms that cannot swim against the current. *Taxonomy: size‚ function‚ autotrophs-producers‚ heterotrophs-consumers/decomposers‚ mixotrophs‚ complex‚ symbiotic/parasitic *Small to big: femtoplankton (viruses)‚ pico (bacteria)‚ nano (diatoms‚ dinoflagellates)‚ micro(sameasnano+protozoa)‚ meso(mostly zooplankton)‚ macroplankton *Grazing food chain: Phyto->zooplk->fish *Sinking flux: dead fall to deeper ocean POM: Particulate organic material DOM:
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animal cells- organelle function and location Cell membrane structure and function Diffusion‚ facilitated diffusion‚ active transport‚ endocytosis‚ exocytosis Osmosis- hypertonic‚ hypotonic‚ isotonic environments Unit 4- Cellular Energy (ch. 8) Laws of Thermodynamics Metabolism- Anabolism vs catabolism Formation of ATP Photosynthesis Chemical Equation Structure of a chloroplast Chlorophyll a vs accessory pigments Light dependent reaction- reactants and products Calvin Cycle- reactants and products
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was to observe what effect temperature had on the permeability of the cell membrane. Introduction Located within the vacuole of beetroot cells is a red pigment call Betalains. Typically these pigments are contained within the cell vacuole by the tonoplast (vacuole membrane)‚ however When beetroot is heated these red pigments escape the vacuole. This experiment aims to explore the effect of temperature on the permeability of the cell membranes (i.e. Tonoplast). ‘The cell surface membrane
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effects of high temperature and chemicals on the permeability of the cell membranes. Beetroot contains a red pigment called betacyanin‚ which is located in the large central vacuole of the beetroot cells. The vacuole is enclosed by a single membrane called tonoplast and the whole cell is enclosed by cell membrane made up of phospholipids. As long as the cells and their membranes are intact‚ the pigment will remain inside the vacuoles. However‚ if the membranes are damaged‚ betacyanin will leak out and produce
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Study guide questions: Movements through membrances 1. Prepare a graph that illustrate the diffusion distance of potassium in 10 minutes 2. Explain your graph : 3. Define simple diffusion: 4. Define osmosis: Osmosis can be defined as the movement of solvent molecules across a semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane ‚from a region of lower concentration of the solute to that of a higher concentration till equilibrium is attained. 5. What is the change in the level of molasses
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alter the arrangement of the phospholipids in the membrane allowing substances to leak out of the cell. Temperature also affects the membrane. As membranes relay on protein molecules to allow molecules to enter and leave the cell through facilitated diffusion the temperature must not exceed the approximate temperature of 50°C as at roughly this temperature proteins are denatured. This is due to an increase in kinetic energy making atoms in the protein to vibrate more; this breaks hydrogen and ionic bonds
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Chapter 1 - Scientific Methods Objectives 1. Demonstrate a basic knowledge of classroom/science safety. 2. Understand the purpose of a hypothesis‚ and identify when a hypothesis should be used. 3. Be able to identify the independent and dependent variables in a formalized hypothesis. 4. Differentiate between an observation and an inference. 5. Contrast quantitative and qualitative observations. 6. Given a data table‚ draw and label a graph. Including a title‚ labeled units‚ and legend. 7
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Describe the components of a solution. Contrast the processes of passive and active transport‚ including diffusion‚ osmosis‚ facilitated diffusion‚ active transport and bulk transport. How might temperature play a role in these processes? Which molecules will move across the membrane freely? Which may need to utilize facilitated diffusion? Be able to solve problems involving osmosis and diffusion: for example‚ predict whether cells will swell or shrink under various osmotic conditions (iso- vs.
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Sample essays and suggested plans for content 1. The process of diffusion and its importance in living organisms Definition Fick’s Law Types of diffusion e.g. Facilitated diffusion‚ osmosis Gas exchange in unicells‚ fish‚ mammals and plants Digestion and absorption of products Exchange of materials between blood in capillaries and tissues e.g. placenta Transpiration‚ root pressure‚ water and ion uptake by roots Translocation and mass flow hypothesis Osmoregulation by blood and kidney‚ unicells
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