Solution A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances with each substance retaining its own chemical identity. Solute – substance being dissolved. Solvent – liquid water. General Properties of a Solution 1. Contains 2 or more components. 2. Has variable composition. 3. Properties change as the ratio of solute to solvent is changed. 4. Dissolved solutes are present as individual particles. 5. Solutes remain uniformly distributed and will not settle out with time. 6. Solute
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We used: * Tap water‚ distilled water‚ Soda and milk as the main liquids to be mixed and measured in terms of pH * One Rolaid antacid tablet and Lemon juice to mix with distilled water in order to create a Dissolved Rolaid solution and a dilute lemon juice * A graduated cylinder to measure the different liquids * 4 100 ml beakers to store the liquids * A hammer to crush the Rolaid antacid tablet * A tissue to crush the Rolaid antacid tablet in * Pr mixer * 2 pH meters
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that determine fluid shifts in the body. Water Balance and ECF Osmolality 5. List the routes by which water enters and leaves the body. 6. Describe feedback mechanisms that regulate water intake and hormonal controls of water output in urine. 7. Explain the importance of obligatory water losses. 8. Describe possible causes and consequences of dehydration‚ hypotonic hydration‚ and edema. Electrolyte Balance 9. Indicate routes of electrolyte entry and loss from the body
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LAB 3: QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS Part 2- ANIONS Sameera Feroz Butt Lab Partner: Ram Soni Thursday January 30‚ 2014 Leilani Morales CHEM1131-02 OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment was to use qualitative analysis to determine the chemical characteristics of four known anions by systemic confirmatory testing. The chemical characteristics observed were to be used to identify an unknown sample. Sulphuric acid was to be added to a carbonate solution and an effervescent reaction would
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with iodine solution. Tests for Halide Ions In test (i) the silver nitrate is acidified with dilute nitric acid to prevent the precipitation of other non-halide silver salts. Test for halide ion Test method Observations Test chemistry and comments Fluoride Ion F- Fluoride and hydrogen fluoride gas are harmful‚ irritating and corrosive substances. (i) If the suspected fluoride is soluble add dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution. (ii) You can warm a solid fluoride with conc. sulphuric
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Physiology Lab Review Questions for Final 7.2: Electrocardiogram (ECG) 1. The pacemaker region of the heart is the right atrium (SA node) ____________________________. 2. The conducting tissue of the heart located in the interventricular septum is the right and left bundle branches 3. Indicate the electrical events that produce each of these waves: a. P wave __atrial depolarization________________________________________________________. b. QRS wave __ventricular depolarization_________________________________________________
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soda to water before strenuous exercise can help reduce muscle fatigue and prevent kidney damage. Another option would be intravenous fluids if you become dangerously dehydrated. A physician may also assist by prescribing a diuretic to increase urine output. Prognosis is determined by the level of kidney damage which makes it pertinent to seek treatment at the onset of any symptoms of rhabdomyolysis. Mild cases of Rhabdomyolysis can be treated and the patient can return to normal activities in
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following solutions: i. Water (cold and hot) ii. Dilute HCl (cold and hot) iii. Dilute HNO3 (cold and hot) _______________________________________________________________ IDENTIFICATION OF ACID RADICALS (ANIONS) This part is the classified into three groups: FIRST GROUP OF ACID RADICALS The acid radicals involved in this group are carbonate(CO32-)‚ Sulphide(S2-)‚ Sulphite(SO32-)‚ Thiosulphate(S2O32-) and nitrate(NO2-). The group reagent is dilute hydrochloric acid. EXPERIMENT Salt + dil. HCl
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but it dissolves very well in an aqueous solution of iodide ion‚ in which it forms a complex ion called the triiodide ion. Triiodide is a combination of a neutral I2 molecule with an I- ion. The triiodide ion is yellow in dilute solution and dark red-brown when concentrated. I2(aq) + I-(aq) ( I3-(aq) 3. The triiodide is titrated with a standard solution of thiosulfate ions‚ which reduces the iodine back to iodide ions. I3-(aq) + 2 S2O32-(aq) (
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Enzymes All enzymes are globular proteins and round in shape They have the suffix "-ase" Intracellular enzymes are found inside the cell Extracellular enzymes act outside the cell (e.g. digestive enzymes) Enzymes are catalysts → speed up chemical reactions Reduce activation energy required to start a reaction between molecules Substrates (reactants) are converted into products Reaction may not take place in absence of enzymes (each enzyme has a specific catalytic action) Enzymes catalyse
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