nearly 120 countries require or permit the use of IFRS. – Notably‚ some significant economies have not yet (fully) adopted IFRS: for example‚ Japan‚ China‚ and the U.S. – Some countries have adopted IFRS but retained their national standard setters‚ and reserve the right to carve out guidance they do not want to adopt. © Cambridge Business Publishers‚ 2014 3 The IFRS Foundation • Organization of the IFRS Foundation – IFRS Foundation Trustees – IFRS Foundation Monitoring Board • Comprises representatives
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Financial statements
more and more important for foreign companies. History According to historical report‚ the word “accounting” first appeared in 1100 B.C. in China. The duty for an accountant at that time was quite simple‚ nothing more than to calculate costs‚ revenue‚ and income daily‚ monthly and annually. After the founding of the new People’s Republic of China‚ with the influence of Soviet model‚ China created their own accounting system that followed the Soviet model to adopt their national circumstances
Premium Financial statements International Financial Reporting Standards
Whatever GAAP or IFRS‚ there are the rules accounts has to be followed. GAAP is an accepted set of rules‚ conventions‚ the standard framework of guidelines and procedures for reporting financial information‚ as defined by the Financial Accounting Standards Board. “It includes the standards‚ conventions‚ and rules accountants follow in recording and summarizing transactions‚ and in the preparation of financial statements” (American Institute of Certified Public Accountants‚ website). GAAP include
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Financial statements Balance sheet
Using the appropriate diagrams‚ explain why the relative burden (incidence) of an indirect tax on the producers & on the consumer varies depending on the price elasticity of demand for the good/product. Indirect Tax is a tax placed upon the selling price of a product‚ so it raises the firm’s cost and shifts the supply curve left or vertically upwards depending on the amount of tax. Because of this shift‚ less products will be supplied at every price. The diagram below shows the effect of imposing
Premium Supply and demand Elasticity Price elasticity of demand
Indirect Tax Indirect taxes include value added tax‚ a range of excise duties on oil‚ tobacco and alcohol and fuel duty. VAT is levied on the sale of goods by registered businesses. Businesses add VAT to the price they charge when they provide goods and services to business customers - and non-business customers. There are different VAT rates‚ depending on the goods or services that are being provided. At the moment there are three rates: standard rate – 20%‚ reduced rate - 5 %‚ zero rate -
Premium Value added tax Tax Indirect tax
Indirect tax Section 1 This section is about applying your knowledge of VAT and using reference material to make recommendations or decisions. Task 1.1 (a) You have the following information about the taxable supplies of 4 businesses. For each of them‚ indicate whether they need to register for VAT immediately‚ or monitor turnover and register later. Tick ONE box on EACH line. Register now Monitor and register later A A new business with an expected turnover of £6000 per
Premium Invoice Tax Output
Task 2: Discuss the fear expressed by the chairman of SEC (USA) that there is a possibility of the world moving towards at least three versions of IFRS- namely IASB IFRS‚ EU IFRS and US IFRS. Introduction With the introduction of International Accounting Standards (IAS) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)‚ the world is one step closer to achieving a global set of accounting standards comprehensible by different users of financial statement worldwide. The benefits of using these
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Financial statements
variable) cost. Among such companies are Hewlett-Packard‚ General Electric‚ DuPont‚ Sun Microsystems‚ and British Airways. Discuss whether direct labor is a fixed or a variable cost. What are the pros and cons of management treating direct labor as a variable cost? Are there ethical issues to be considered here? Direct labor can be classified as a fixed cost or a variable cost‚ depending on how flexible the employer needs to be/can be with the labor force throughout the year. Direct labor will
Premium Costs Cost Variable cost
GAAP and IFRS There are differences that exist between the US GAAP and IFRS (International GAAP)‚ nonetheless right now there is a convergence project existing between the FASB and the IASB‚ which issue these GAAPs in that order to narrow down the differences between the two. This is so that there are no misinterpretations when using either GAAPs. With that mentioned‚ the following differences exist between the US GAAP and IFRS (International GAAP). Inventory Measurement GAAP clarifies that
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
History of IFRS During Second World War‚ international accounting standards began to grow due to the lack of knowledge in recording accounting and the increases of cross boarder capital flows in the market. Several accounting board had been formed for the purpose of development of accounting standards to make it readable‚ understandable and record in a proper way. All of these accounting boards and committee are using the same way to convergence which is harmonization instead of standardization
Premium International Financial Reporting Standards Financial statements