carbohydrates are organic molecules made up of carbon‚ hydrogen‚ and oxygen and are produced by green plants in the process of undergoing photosynthesis. A carbohydrate can be broken down into four different chemical groups: monosaccharides‚ disaccharides‚ oligosaccharides‚ and polysaccharides. Monosaccahrides are the simplest form of the carbohydrate. Monosaccharides are important fuel molecules as well as building blocks for nucleic acids. A monosaccharide is similar to a DNA
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------------------------------------------------- Animal nutrition Introduction to animal nutrition There are seven major classes of nutrients: carbohydrates‚ fats‚ fiber‚ minerals‚ protein‚ vitamin‚ and water. These nutrient classes can be categorized as either macronutrients (needed in relatively large amounts) or micronutrients (needed in smaller quantities). The macronutrients are carbohydrates‚ fats‚ fiber‚ proteins‚ and water. The micronutrients are minerals and vitamins. The macronutrients
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Diffusion through a Membrane Introduction Molecules are constantly moving. They move in straight lines unless they are deflected by other molecules or obstacles in their environment. Diffusion is the process by which the collisions between molecules cause them to continually spread apart from each other. Their movement can be described as movement from an area of greater concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion continues until the molecules are equally distributed
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Denisse Gayosso-Lucano BIO 1140 As industrialization and urbanization increased in America‚ plants‚ animals and humans became endangered by the rise in temperatures and carbon levels. It was then that Carla‚ a carbon atom was born at the Sahara desert. At night‚ Carla and her friends went outside to watch the stars peacefully. It had never occurred to them that the night would bring a sudden kidnap. All of Carla’s friends and Carla were attached to two oxygen atoms. Unfortunately‚ Carla fainted
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Basic Biochemistry Webquest (2013) Basic Chemistry Part 1: Why Do Atoms React? Google Search 1. What is an atom? An atom is the basic unit of a chemical element. 2. What is an element? An element is a substance that is made entirely from one type of atom. 3. What makes an atom unstable (reactive)? The binding energy not being strong enough makes an atom unstable (reactive). 4. Why do atoms react with other atoms? Atoms react with other atoms to gain or lose electrons to fill their outer
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hydrogen bonds . water is said to be a dipolar molecule. 2. The basic uits of CO2 are monosaccharides ‚ characterized by the number of carbon atoms‚ e.g pentose sugars have 5 carbons 3. Two monossaccharids can link together to form a disaccharide . the bond between them is a glycosidic linkage formed in a condensation reaction 4. Starch is a polysaccharide composed of amylose and amylopectin. Its main function is as a storage carbohydrate‚ starch and glycogen are suitable for this function
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acids. In this exercise we shall concentrate on carbohydrates‚ lipids‚ proteins‚ and we shall estimate the concentration of Vitamin C‚ an organic compound‚ in a solution‚ by the iodometric technique. • Carbohydrates include simple sugars‚ disaccharides and polysaccharides. They are the most important source of energy for most organisms. Polysaccharides change color in the presence of iodine solution: Glycogen gives a red-brown color and starch a dark blue–violet color. While simple sugars‚ having
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Saliva Lab Since the amylase enzyme is present in saliva‚ starch digestion begins in the mouth. Salivary amylase changes the polysaccharide starch into many disaccharide molecules of maltase (a simple sugar) which are further broken down into glucose units by maltase enzyme in the As stated above‚ saliva contains the amylase enzyme which begins the breakdown of starches. The efficiency of starch digestion by amylase can be measured by how much simple sugar it produces under
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producing proteins in response to changes in the chemical and physical environments of a cell. A cluster of functionally related genes‚ called the lac operon‚ found within E. coli is responsible for creating enzyme that catabolize lactose. Since lactose is a disaccharide‚ monosaccharides are produced from this catabolic reaction and used for immediate energy within the cell. 1 Escherichia coli ‚ abbreviated E. coli ‚ is a Gram negative‚ anaerobic‚ bacterium‚ that is commonly found in the lower intestine of warm blooded organisms
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Nutrition: Barriers to Digestion Lactose Intolerance: - Lactase is one of the many enzymes required for complete digestion of lactose (a disaccharide). - Lactose intolerance is not an allergy‚ and is not to be confused with a milk allergy‚ which initiates an immune reaction when milk is ingested. Lactose intolerance instead is an enzyme deficiency (lactase). - S/s including gas‚ bloating‚ cramping‚ nausea‚ and diarrhea. Some people can ingest small amounts‚ and others none. Some can take
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