41. In thylakoids‚ protons travel through ATP synthase from the stroma to the thylakoid space. Therefore the catalytic knobs of ATP synthase would be located a. on the side facing the thylakoid space b. on the ATP molecules themselves c. on the pigment molecules of PSI and PSII d. on the stroma side of the membrane e. built into the center of the thylkoid stack (granum) 42. Which of the following statements best represents the relationships between the light reactions and the Calvin cycle?
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store it for cellular respiration Simple sugars – provide short term energy and storage -most common one is Glucose (C6H12O) -glactose and fructose are chemical isomers meaning they have the same chemical formula but different structures. Disaccharides 2 monosaccharides combined glucose + glucose = maltose Polysaccharides Many monosaccharides combined together to create STARCH‚ CELLULOSE and GLYCOGEN Starch (amylose-simpler diagram)- long term energy and storage Glycogen (more branched
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A well-designed experiment will have only one critical variable that is changed over several trials A bacterium swimming away from a toxic chemical is an example of what aspect of living things? the capacity to respond to environment Evolution is a central‚ unifying theme in biology because the enormously diverse forms of life on Earth have all been shaped by it An atom with an unequal number of protons and electrons is called an ion. This produces a charged atom‚ or ion. An
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overall performance of an enzyme depends on various factors‚ such as temperature‚ pH‚ cofactors‚ activators and inhibitors. Invertase is an enzyme which is usually found in plants. It acts as a catalyst for the hydrolysis of sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose linked by a glycosidic bond. When this bond is cleaved in a hydrolysis reaction‚ an equal amount of glucose and fructose. Invertase is a significant enzyme because glucose is an important product of photosynthesis
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al. 2002). A crude fiber content in faba bean ranges from 5.0% to 8.5% with dietary fiber values of 15–30% depending on the seed variety (Chavan et al. 1989). The soluble sugar contains monosaccharides (ribose‚ glucose‚ galactose and fructose)‚ disaccharides (sucrose and maltose)‚ and mainly oligosaccharides‚ which belong to the α-galactoside group where galactose exists in an α-D-1‚6-linkage. Galactosides derived from
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Research Proposal DIFFERENT WATER STATES AND LOCATIONS IN POLLEN GRAINS • Principal investigator‚ visiting scientist Ettore Pacini Nationality: Italian Position: professor of Botany Place of work: Dipartimento di Biologia Ambientale‚ Sezione Botanica‚ Universitá di Siena‚ Via P.A. Mattioli 4‚ 53100 SIENA Italy. Phone –39 0577 232863; Fax –39 0577 232860; E-mail pacini@unisi.it Partecipating researchers * Massimo Nepi Nationality: Italy Position:
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Checklist for Lecture Exam 1 Chapter 1 ANATOMY : The study of structure PHYSIOLOGY: The study of function. Levels of organization CHEMICAL LEVEL: includes Atoms ( C‚O‚ H‚ N)‚ the smallest units of matter. These 4 are essential to life. Atoms bond together to form MOLECULES. CELLULAR LEVEL: Molecules combine to form Organelles. Organelles function together to form a CELL‚ the smallest unit of life. There are different types of cells with different functions. A cell consists of
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beverage industry of which sugar is the primary focus. Sugar‚ which is widely used by humans‚ is manufactured by plants during the process of photosynthesis and is found in many animal tissues. Various classes of sugar such as monosaccharide‚ disaccharides‚ trisaccharides and polysaccharides are abundant in nature. Amongst the commercially important sugars are glucose‚ lactose‚ maltose and most importantly sucrose from which we obtain sugarcane. Worthy of note is the fact that of all sugars‚ only
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DETERMINING THE GLUCOSE CONTENT OF AND ORANGE USING GOD-PAP ASSAY Every fruit has a sweet taste only that some are sweeter than others. The sweetness of most fruits come from its sugar content and these sugars that the fruits contain are known as invert sugars. In this experiment‚ an orange was used. An orange which is an excellent source of vitamin C gets its sweetness from natural sugars which are sucrose‚ glucose and fructose (livestrong.com). In this experiment the concentration of glucose in
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reducing agent.The procces of reducing sugar is isomerisation‚example of reducing sugar islactose‚maltose‚glucose and fructose.All monosaccharides are capable of reducing other chemicals such as copper (II) sulphate to copper oxide.Beside that disaccharides such as maltose and lactose are reducing sugar‚however sucrose is non reducing sugar.Sugar exist in solution as an equliburum mixture of open chain and closed ring or in other words is cyclic structures.In the open chain form‚the carbon contains
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