Cultural Perspectives CCM International Journal of 2003 Vol 3(1): 121–144 Cross Cultural Management ‘To Adapt or Not to Adapt’ Exploring the Role of National Culture in HRM – A Study of Pakistan Shaista E. Khilji Carleton University‚ Ontario‚ Canada This study draws out evidence from 11 organizations‚ local as well as multinationals‚ in Pakistan to test the ‘culture-sensitive’ view. A number of conclusions are drawn. First‚ the findings support this view; evidence shows
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KEY TO BUDGET DOCUMENTS BUDGET 2013-2014 1. The Budget documents presented to Parliament comprise‚ besides the Finance Minister’s Budget Speech‚ the following: A. Annual Financial Statement (AFS) B. Demands for Grants (DG) C. Appropriation Bill D. Finance Bill E. Memorandum Explaining the Provisions in the Finance Bill‚ 2013 F. Macro-economic framework for the relevant financial year G. Fiscal Policy Strategy Statement for the financial year H. Medium Term Fiscal Policy Statement I. Medium Term Expenditure
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Budget The Budget is prepared by the ministry of Finance ant the union budget is presented by the Finance Minister. Our constitution has made it compulsory that every year The Budget is presented before the Parliament . The overall responsibility of preparing the budget lies with the Ministry of Finance. Various departments of this ministry work for several months to prepare the budget. Each department has a specific responsibility. The departments are: Department of Expenditure‚ Department
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Budget Definition: An estimate of costs‚ revenues‚ and resources over a specified period‚ reflecting a reading of future financial conditions and goals. One of the most important administrative tools‚ a budget serves also as a (1) plan of action for achieving quantified objectives‚ (2) standard for measuring performance‚ and (3) device for coping with foreseeable adverse situation. What is a budget and why is it important? Simply put‚ a budget is an itemized summary of likely income and expenses
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developing a comprehensive annual budget‚ spending heavily for specialty software‚ staff overtime and temporary help for data entry. Perhaps even more costly (but less quantifiable) are the countless hours that senior managers‚ accountants‚ financial analysts and department managers spend to prepare‚ revise and consolidate budgets. • We spend more time creating a budget than analyzing it. • The budget bears little or no relation to our underlying business plan. • After the budget is approved‚ no one looks
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. Providing a flexible work environment for employees benefits both the employee’s and employers. Flexibility creates a reduced stress environment‚ this increases productivity‚ loyalty and respect for the employer and management staff. It also allows the employees an opportunity to feel both respected and maintained‚ this increasing all-rounded improvement‚ it will also reduce the likely-hood of individuals resigning. Stress is an important part of the working environment‚ when individuals become
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DATE : November 9‚ 2012 ATTENTION : MS. AURORA O. ALGODON President/CEO MAHARLIKA TRIBE MONARCH FOUNDATION‚ INC. Carmen‚ Davao City RE : Interim Memorandum of Agreement of Proposed Budget for Radio‚ Newspaper and TV FROM : MR. JOSEPH T. LAGUA Founding Chairman People’s Network and Media Communications ------------------------------------------------- (PNMC) I. COMPANY: Our entity‚ People’s Network and Media Communications (PNMC) is a media organization that
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30.613 Term I 2013 Lecturer : Marveys Ayomi Assignment 2 Due: June 28‚ 2013 Student Name Ta‚ Quoc Dat Student ID #2126203 Word count: 2035 Flexible Work Arrangement Ta‚ Quoc Dat ------------------------------------------------- Contents
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Capital budgeting is a step by step process that businesses use to determine the merits of an investment project. The decision of whether to accept or deny an investment project as part of a company’s growth initiatives‚ involves determining the investment rate of return that such a project will generate. However‚ what rate of return is deemed acceptable or unacceptable is influenced by other factors that are specific to the company as well as the project. For example‚ a social or charitable project
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The Union Budget was released yesterday. Here are the highlights. * Tax slab on personal income remains unchanged * Income tax exemption limit raised by Rs 50‚000 to Rs 2.5 lakh and for senior citizens to Rs 3 lakh * Exemption limit for investment in financial instruments under 80C raised to Rs 1.5 lakh from Rs 1 lakh. * Investment limit in PPF raised to Rs 1.5 lakh from Rs 1 lakh * Deduction limit on interest on loan for self-occupied house raised to Rs 2 lakh from Rs 1.5 lakh. * Kisan Vikas Patra
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