COMPUTER NETWORKS 4TH MARCH 2012 Examination Paper Answer ALL questions. Clearly cross out surplus answers. Time: 2 hours Any reference material brought into the examination room must be handed to the invigilator before the start of the examination. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS Marks QUESTION 1 a) State FOUR (4) principles underpinning the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model. b) Describe the purpose of the physical layer of the OSI Reference Model. c) State THREE (3) elements
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Introduction ICT (information and communications technology) is a term that includes any communication device such as radio‚ television‚ newspaper‚ cellular phones‚ computer and network hardware and software‚ satellite systems and so on‚ as well as the various services and applications associated with them‚ such as videoconferencing and distance learning. ICT development Index The ICT Development Index (IDI) is a composite index combining 11 indicators into one benchmark value (presented on
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Abdullah Alfraihy 12/3/12 ENG 107 Ms. Daily The Internet We as opinionated people might not agree about what is the real definition of pop culture. Each culture has their own pop culture‚ which depends on diverse sources. In fact‚ there are not many feature in pop culture that actually crossed over from it’s original culture. Most of them could not be as world pop culture because of the language barrier. On the other hand‚ there are many things that did not need any outside support to
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Disadvantages of the advertising Advertising is the name given to the process of commercial promotion of goods and services in order to increase its sales. It can be done by means of a number of mediums like television‚ newspaper‚ wall paintings‚ billboards‚ magazines‚ internet‚ by the word-of-mouth and in many other ways. Advertising informs the buyers about the ability of a certain product or service in the market and encourages them to buy it. However‚ some people are very keen on exposing
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environmental destruction and availability of the already limited resources. These changes have turned globalization in to a major problem‚ due to its policies and society processes. Through this essay it will be shared knowledge and facts about the disadvantages of these global trade‚ and its costs if is not regulated. As a matter of fact‚ globalization is not an inevitable process and there are risks and costs such as inequality‚ which has been linked to rising unbalances in income and outcomes. Evidence
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Disadvantages of Monopoly: • Higher prices and lower output Monopolies often mean that prices will be higher and output lower than is the case for an industry where competition prevails. Firms in one industry are producing under conditions of perfect competition‚ while the other firm is operating under conditions of monopoly. The costs of production are the same for each industry. • Excess profits High profits made by the monopolist are not necessarily an indication of efficient methods
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Network Topology and Wiring Tiearia Fariss NTC/361 Professor: Larry Schreider December Network Topologies are the different arrangements that contain many different element such as links‚ nodes‚ etc. This helps with communication and network information processing. This is a major part of today’s technology and is used by big business as well as for home and personal use. There have been eight different network topologies that have been recognized though out a study.. Throughout this paper
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The biggest disadvantage of the Central Board of Secondary Education Continuous Comprehensive Learning programme is the grading system that it uses. [ Students scoring 90 marks and 99 marks respectively will still both attain an A* grade‚ so it could be described as unfair for the student scoring the higher mark. One other shortcoming is the fact that huge numbers of students are grouped together. For example‚ last year there were 348 students in Navi Mummbai at Universal Tutorials all scoring more
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1 Firewall in computer networks Firewall: A set of related programs‚ located at a network gateway server‚ which protects the resources of a private network from users from other networks using security policies. The Internet has made large amounts of information available to the average computer user at home‚ in business and in education. For many people‚ having access to this information is no longer just an advantage‚ it is essential. Yet connecting a private network to the Internet can expose
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(a popular social network that dominated traffic. First platform to feature profile customization for users). Over the centuries‚ people adopted knowledge for Social Networking‚ have studied about it‚ and create a site. One of the most visited sites is Facebook (2004). The history of this social networking site is said to be a Harvard-only social network. But it quickly expanded to other schools‚ then to high schools‚ businesses and eventually everyone. We define social network sites as web-based
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