explain how an auditor goes about the process of auditing financial statements and presents the five basic stages that the auditor performed during the financial statement audit at Maryward Primary School in Kwekwe for the year ending 31 December 2012. In order to be in a position to fulfil auditing responsibility to report on the client’s annual financial statements‚ the auditor followed a series of procedures and activities as required by the auditing profession. The auditor applied the following
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MEANING OF AUDITING The word ‘Audit’ is originated from the Latin word ’Audire’ which means ’to hear’. In the earlier days‚ whenever there is suspected fraud in a business organization‚ the owner of the business would appoint a person to check the accounts and hear the explanations given by the person responsible for keeping the account and funds. In those days‚ the audit is done to find out whether the payments and receipt are properly accounted or not. The objective of modern day accounting
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AUDIT EVIDENCE Audit Evidence Definition : All the information used by the auditor in arriving at the conclusions on which the audit opinion is based. This includes the information contained in the account records underlying the financial statements and other information. Additionally‚ audit evidence should be persuasive‚ rather than convincing. There are different levels of reliability of audit evidence‚ some providing more evidence than others. There are nine types of audit evidence
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are departures from the standard wording‚ users are more likely to recognize and consider situations requiring a modification or qualification to the auditor’s report or opinion. 3-2 The unqualified audit report consists of: 1. Report title Auditing standards require that the report be titled and that the title includes the word independent. 2. Audit report address The report is usually addressed to the company‚ its stockholders‚ or the board of directors. 3. Introductory paragraph The introductory
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Is the demand for auditing a regulatory artifact or market driven? Pre SEC era: There is evidence that before legislation on auditing existed there were still forms of auditing. In the medieval times there were the guilds‚ later audits were conducted by directors or shareholders of a company. In the 19th century US companies voluntarily contracted for audits. Current data on non-SEC companies In 1977‚ 80% of corporate audit clients of PwC are non-SEC-registrants (Biegler 1977). Privately owned
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Additional Cases for the Course The case readings have been developed solely as a basis for class discussion. The case readings are not intended to serve as a source of primary data or as an illustration of effective or ineffective auditing. Reprinted by permission from Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier. Copyright © Jay C. Thibodeau and Deborah Freier; all rights reserved. 1••• ( Case 61 ® Enron Enrori’s First Few Years hi~ 1985 Enron had assets along the three major stages of the supply
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Memo To: John Doe From: Team C Date: February 20‚ 2012 Subject: Auditing‚ share-based payment and SPE reporting A publically traded company offers challenges to auditing when it comes to shared-based payment reporting and special-purpose entities (SPE) reporting individually. The most basic principle of GAAP at risk is the qualitative characteristic of reliability. Shared-based payment and SPE reporting individually has been broken down to better equip the audit for our client. It is important
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UNIVERSITAS INDONESIA CASE STUDY 6 DEVELOPMENT OF METHODOLOGY FOR COMPUTER ASSISTED INFORMATION SYSTEMS AUDITING By: Mario Žgela‚ M Sc SISTEM INFORMASI DAN PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL Chitarani Kartikadewi - 1406524682 Desi Susanti - 1406524695 Karina Ayu Ditriani - 1406524713 FAKULTAS EKONOMI PROGRAM MAKSI-PPAK OKTOBER 2014 CHAPTER I SUMMARY Analysis of Some Cases Resulting in Significant Losses or Bankruptcies During 1990’s and 2000’s‚ there are several companies that severe bankruptcies or
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as part of their work in both the commercial and public sectors. They should also be of benefit to organisations considering establishing an internal audit function. Internal auditors should read these guidelines in conjunction with the Approved Auditing Standards contained in the Members’ Handbook and the Institute’s By-Laws (On Professional Ethics‚ Conduct and Practice) [Issued January 2007] and any requirements regarding internal audit set out in the relevant statutes or regulations. These guidelines
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INTRODUCTION This report consists of 5 reflections related to auditing standards and each case was extracted from internet sources. The purpose of this report is to reflect and understand each case. REFLECTIONS First reflection is on China sky case for its non-compliances with SGX. Next is the case on corporate governance where new rules were proposed to improve risk management and risk control. Third will be the extracted information of executives’ compensation in
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