Question 3-3 If a “typical” firm reports $20 million of retained earnings on its balance sheet‚ could its directors declare a $20 million cash dividend without having any qualms about what they were doing? Explain your answer. Its directors could declare a $20 million cash dividend without having any qualms about what they were doing‚ because retained earnings may not held as cash. Retained earnings represent the cumulative total of all earnings kept by the company during its life. Therefore‚ $20 million
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and low market liquidity. Stocks that exhibited large price changes tend to have positive performance over longer term‚ i.e. days 6 through 20 after the day of initial large price changes. While the existence of statistically significant abnormal returns following large price decreases is economically significant from the standpoint of practical finance‚ it may challenge validity of the weak form of efficient market hypothesis. This challenge needs to be considered further in future
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of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis and its applicability in today’s business world SEMINAR PAPER Table of contents page 1. Introduction...............................................................................................................3 1.1 1.2 2. The importance of business valuation ..................................................................3 Key indicators covered in this seminar paper .......................................................4 The Discounted Cash Flow
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Retained earnings is the profit generated by a company that are not distributed to stockholders (shareholders) as dividends but are either reinvested in the business or kept as a reserve for specific objectives (such as to pay off a debt or purchase a capital asset). A balance sheet figure shown under the heading retained earnings is the sum of all profits retained since the company’s inception. Retained earnings are reduced by losses‚ and are also called accumulated earnings‚ accumulated profit
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Critically appraise and discuss the issue of what is “normal” and “abnormal” sexual behaviour. What is normal sexual behaviour? it depends more to the point‚ when is sexual behaviour that is somewhat different from the norm‚ morally abnormal or a disorder. Current views of unusual unless the behaviour is associated with a substantial impairment in functioning‚ law‚ with a non consenting partner or an individual unable to consent due to age‚ disability or culture (Kennair et.al. 2009; Vaknin
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“The Effect of IFRS Adoption and Investor Protection on Earnings Quality Around the World” by Houqe et al. In the paper “The Effects of IFRS Adoption and Investor Protection on Earnings Quality Around the World” Houqe et al. study the interaction of two fundamental factors that influence financial reporting. So‚ the authors developed an empirical model that tested whether the quality of earnings is a function of mandatory IFRS adoption‚ the country’s investor protection and the interaction of these
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Concept of food allergy Definition: “Food allergies are the body ’s abnormal responses to harmless foods; the reactions are caused by the immune system ’s reaction to some food proteins” (medical-dictionary). Associated terms: food hypersensitive‚ anaphylaxis‚ irritant‚ food intolerance Population: children Food allergy is human’s immune system overreacting to certain food substances. The food allergy reaction causes different physical symptoms that occur immediately (less than 2 hours)‚ intermediately
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The 2nd Doctoral Colloquium Bridging the Gap between Theory‚ Research and Practice : IFRS Convergence and Application Faculty of Economics Universitas Indonesia Bali-Indonesia‚ 27 - 28 Oktober 2010 TAX01 INFLUENCE OF BOOK TAX GAP TOWARDS EARNINGS PERSISTENCE AND FIRM VALUE FOR THE PERIOD OF 1999 – 2007 Dwi Martani Universitas Indonesia (martani@ui.ac.id) Debby Fitriasari Universitas Indonesia (dfsari@yahoo.com) Yulianti Universitas Indonesia (yuli.a@ui.ac.id) Field of Research
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INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE Sofia “Earnings management‚ in exchange listed companies‚ is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors” Coursework in BUSINESS FINANCIAL CRIME Student registration No: 479866 Program: International Finance and Trade‚ Level 2 Lecturer: A. Paparizov “Earnings management‚ in exchange listed companies‚ is not fraud but a case of caveat emptor for investors” With the development of the stock markets and the huge grow in the volume of money traded
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Can institutional investors restrain earnings management activities in weak investor protection countries? The role of foreign and domestic institutional investors UGUR LEL* This draft: February 2013 Abstract This paper investigates the role that institutional investors play in restraining earnings management activities of firms under varying investor protection environments. Distinguishing between foreign and domestic institutional ownership in a sample of about 190‚000 firm-year observations
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