USING SELECTED INDICES TO MONITOR CHEATING ON MULTIPLE-CHOICE EXAMS Larry R. Nelson Curtin University of Technology Western Australia Invited paper prepared for Volume 4 of the Thai Journal of Educational Research and Measurement‚ ISSN 1685-6740‚ to be published in 2006. Methods for detecting cheating on multiple-choice tests are discussed‚ with particular focus on the Harpp-Hogan index. An investigation of the reliability of the H-H index was undertaken in two professional testing environments
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five percent of the world’s population and over a quarter of the world’s prisoners (A. Liptak‚ 2008). Something about this doesn’t sit well with me and it never has. With 309‚090‚740 people in the United States it is hard to believe that 1 in every 100 American adults are currently behind bars and from 2006 to 2007‚ the prison population alone grew by 25‚000 (A. Liptak‚ 2008). This does not include county jails. It costs the federal and state governments approximately $20‚000 to $30‚000 a year to
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society. The big picture is this incarceration‚in the manner in which the American system is managing it may be causing more harm than rehabilitation. As of today the incarcerated population is at least four and a half times larger than back in 1980. At a population of approximately 2.2 million people in the United States behind bars the need for change becomes apparent due to the high costs of keeping all of these individuals in prison and also having an incarceration rate higher than any other country
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THE EFFECTIVENESS OF CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT Samuel Crosby II Liberty University Abstract There are many different theories on how to keep recidivism rates from increasing‚ thus preventing crime. Studies do not show that incarceration can accomplish this task alone; however‚ there is empirical evidence that supports the idea of implementing effective correctional treatment to reduce the recidivism rates. There are conflicting opinions that show a discrepancy
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Mass Incarceration A current topic that is currently facing our national government is mass incarceration‚ also known as mass imprisonment or the prison boom. What is important about this topic is that if we don’t figure out how to fix this problem‚ the population of those in prison will continue to rise. Those imprisoned are mainly made up of minorities‚ specifically African American men who live in poverty‚ non-wealthy and disadvantaged neighborhoods; the ghetto. Although the numbers of imprisonment
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international community has been using economic sanctions for decades to change some undesirable behavior of target states in a way favorable to sender states. However‚ a number of cases in which economic sanctions were imposed comprehensively called into question the effectiveness of sanctions in general. Iraqi case of comprehensive sanctions imposition revealed the sanctions crisis and put on the agenda three substantial and overlapping issues. First‚ comprehensive sanctions inflict wide humanitarian
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our actions to help ensure peace and unity is economic sanctions. Economic sanctions have been used for many years now in international relations. There has been countless number of times that the U.S has used this form of relations to deter a country away from its wrongful path of destruction. In recent news president Barak Obama has issued economic sanctions against Russia for their takeover of Crimea. The purpose of economic sanctions is to influence other countries in that their current
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In this paper‚ Learning Team A will discuss the various forms of punishment exercised in the 1700s‚ the crimes that led to the forms of punishment‚ and the criteria between various societies for criminal sentencing during the 1700s. Learning Team A will also describe prisons for women and the difference between prisons for men and juveniles. There are various forms of punishment used during the 1700s. Physical force and humiliation was the main two types of punishment during the 1700’s. Corporal
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Should intermediate sanctions be run by traditional probation and prison systems or by new private or public agencies seeking to serve as alternatives to them? List two benefits and two challenges for each of these strategies and provide your own policy recommendation about which one should be used (and why). Overcrowding of prisons and unnecessary incarceration rates is one of the major problems in the United States today. As stated in Chapter 9‚ “ more then 60 billion dollars is spent on corrections
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A juvenile sanction is an accountability based sanction series‚ which is inclusive of services‚ incentives and treatment. It is applied to juveniles who are within the juvenile systems of justice; hold them responsible for the activities they engage in with the aim of protecting the outside society. This is actually emphasized through inducing proper behaviors in them. There are various juvenile sanctions. One of them is intermediate intervention. First time offenders who are charged with non-violent
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