Terms and responsibilities of channel members In conceiving the tasks to be performed by different types of intermediaries in the distribution channel‚ managers must also determine the mix of conditions and responsibilities that must be established among the channel members to get the tasks performed effectively and enthusiastically. The ’trade-relations mix’ is capable of many variations and introduces a still further dimension of alternatives. There are four main elements in the trade-relations
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based on availability. There are two main theories about how information is lost from the STM‚ trace decay and displacement theories. Trace decay theory of forgetting (STM) relates to both long term and short term memory and also relates to lack of availability. The theory suggests that the STM can only hold information for between 15 and 30 seconds unless it is rehearsed. After this time the information decays (fades away). This explanation of forgetting in short term memory assumes that memories
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Discuss two biological explanations of depression (8+16 marks) AO1: One biological explanation for depression is family studies. Family studies have proved that having a first-degree relative with depression appears to be a risk factor of depression. These studies select people who already have the depression (the probands) and examine whether other members of their family have been‚ or might be diagnosed with depression. Research has found that around 20% of such relatives have depression compared
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of the functions of sleep. Evolutionary explanation of sleep suggests there four mains reasons for it‚ energy conservation‚ foraging requirements‚ predator avoidance and to waste time. The evolutionary approach has also been called the ecological approach. It is called ‘ecological’ because it is based on observations of animals in their natural environment. Energy conservation is the theory that warm blooded animals need to expend a lot of energy to maintain a
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There are several different explanations for the disorder schizophrenia. One of these explanations is the biological model. This model explains schizophrenia through biological faults‚ for example viral infections and brain abnormalities. Genetic Factors Some psychologists say that schizophrenia can be passed down generations‚ meaning that some people inherit the disorder from their parents. Twin research has consistently shown that identical twins have a greater risk of developing schizophrenia
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Discuss Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia [8+16] AO1: The cognitive approach acknowledges the role of biological factors. Frith 92 found a disconnection between frontal areas of the brain concerned with action and the posterior areas of the brain that control perception‚ explaining auditory hallucinations. This causes a split from reality where sz are unable to distinguish between actions brought by external forces and those generated internally this then causes the positive symptoms of
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The best suited industry for this sector would be the retail industry which includes popular supermarkets such as Woolworths Coles and Aldi to name a few. Producers in industry perform one task which is the process of manufacturing and selling the goods to the wholesalers and eventually leading to the retailers. Retailers gather goods from the wholesaler and provide a one time service towards the consumer by adding value and essential services towards the product. Retail stores are targeted to categories
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Discuss explanations of institutional aggression. (24 marks) Institutional aggression is any violent behaviour that exists within certain institutions. The aggression may be a defining feature of the group‚ for example the army or the police. Or it may just be a readily acceptable ‘normal’ behaviour e.g. the events that took place in Abu Grahib Prison in Iraq. There are two main explanations of institutional aggression; dispositional factors and situational factors. Dispositional factors can be
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Discuss evolutionary explanations of human aggression One evolutionary explanation of human aggression is sexual jealousy. Infidelity triggers sexual jealousy which is an evolved adaptive response to infidelity. Men have developed many strategies from vigilance to violence to stop their partner committing adultery. Men never know for certain that the baby is theirs and could be investing in another man’s baby. In a questionnaire‚ if women reported that their partner did not like them talking to
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Discuss issues of reliability and validity associated with the classification and diagnosis of phobic disorders (24 marks) The biological explanation for the acquisition of phobic disorders establishes that phobias are caused by genetics‚ innate influences and the principles of biochemistry. This theory recognizes that an oversensitive fear response may be inherited‚ causing abnormal levels of anxiety. This is illustrated in the basis of inheritance‚ particularly the adrenergic theory that convicts
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