Credit Rating (CR) as financial service‚ has come a long way‚ since John Moody first introduced the concept 1909. In India it started in 1988. Credit rating is has been used to rate debt instrument viz. Fixed Deposit‚ Commercial Paper Credit rating is a technique of credit risk valuation for the corporate debt instruments reflecting borrower’s expected capability and inclination to pay interest and principal in a timely manner. * In evaluation both qualitative and quantitative criteria are
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Bangladesh Institute of Bank Management Mirpur‚ Dhaka. Compiled by Md. Nurul Haq Majumder Faculty Member Credit Monitoring To minimise credit losses‚ monitoring procedures and systems should be in place that provides an early indication of the deteriorating financial health of a borrower. At a minimum‚ systems should be in place to report the following exceptions to relevant executives in CRM and RM team: Past due principal or interest payments‚ past due trade bills‚ account excesses‚ and breach
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Credit cards are one of the most popular forms of payment for consumer goods and services in the United States. To use a credit card legally‚ you must be eighteen or older‚ but many teenagers disregard this law and sign up for a credit card through the junk mail they get in their emails. Credit cards work in a very interesting way. You get a limit of how much you can spend each month‚ and you must pay off that money by a certain date. If you don’t pay off that money‚ you must pay a certain amount
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Credit Appraisal means an investigation/assessment done by the banks before providing any Loans & advances/project finance & also checks the commercial‚ financial & technical viability of the project proposed‚ its funding pattern & further checks the primary & collateral security cover available for recovery of such funds. Credit Appraisal is a process to ascertain the risks associated with the extension of the credit facility. It is generally carried by the financial institutions
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critical currents Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation Occasional Paper Series Carbon Trading How it works and why it fails no.7 November 2009 critical currents no.7 November 2009 Carbon Trading How it works and why it fails Tamra Gilbertson and Oscar Reyes Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation Uppsala 2009 The Dag Hammarskjöld Foundation pays tribute to the memory of the second Secretary General of the UN by searching for and examining workable alternatives for a socially and economically
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Letter of credit [pic] [pic] After a contract is concluded between buyer and seller‚ buyer’s bank supplies a letter of credit to seller. [pic] [pic] Seller consigns the goods to a carrier in exchange for a bill of lading. [pic] [pic] Seller p bill of lading for payment from buyer’s bank. Buyer’s bank exchanges bill of lading for payment from the buyer. [pic] [pic] Buyer provides bill of lading to carrier and takes delivery of goods. A standard‚ commercial letter of credit (LC) is a document
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Debits & Credits In each and every accounting transaction‚ there are at least two elements (accounts) involved. These accounts are either debited or credited‚ with the amount that is reflected in the transaction‚ depending on the nature of the account (Real/Personal/Nominal) and the rule applicable to it. Golden universal rules of Debits & Credits Accounting elements are categorized into three groups; Real - examples are cash‚ equipment‚ furniture etc. Personal - Proprietor’s Capital
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Credit cards have become one of the most commonly used means for daily financial activities. They are used for everything from buying breakfast‚ to getting gas‚ to paying the power bill. Some people use them for the rewards and others for a stream of cash until the next paycheck. While some people pay the balance off monthly‚ many more have some significant amount of debt from one or more credit cards. In fact‚ the average credit card debt per U.S. adult‚ excluding store and zero balance credit cards
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Australian Journal of Business and Management Research Vol.2 No.02 [31-38] | May-2012 CREDIT RISK AND COMMERCIAL BANKS’ PERFORMANCE IN NIGERIA: A PANEL MODEL APPROACH KOLAPO‚ T. Funso (Corresponding Author) Department of Banking and Finance‚ Faculty of Management Sciences Ekiti State University‚ Ado-Ekiti‚ Nigeria. realvega1959@yahoo.com AYENI‚ R. Kolade (Ph.D) Department of Economics‚ Faculty of Social Sciences Ekiti State University‚ Ado Ekiti‚ Ekiti State‚ Nigeria. raphkolayeni@yahoo
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Introduction – What is Letter of Credit 4 4.2 Parties to Letter of Credit 5 4.3 Should Letter of Credit be chosen as the Payment Method? 6 4.4 Types of Letter of Credit 6 4.4.1 Irrevocable 7 4.4.2 Unconfirmed 7 4.4.3 Confirmed 7 4.4.4 Standby Letter of Credit 7 4.4.5 Revolving Letter of Credit 8 4.4.6 Transferable Letter of Credit 9 4.4.7 Back to Back Letter of Credit 9 4.5 Documents Required By Letter of Credit 9 4.6 Governing Rules under Letter of Credit 10 4.6.1 Uniform Commercial Code
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