1989 Exxon Valdez spill Causes Exxon Shipping Company failed to supervise the master and provide a rested and sufficient crew for Exxon Valdez. The National Transportation Shipping Board found this was widespread throughout the industry‚ prompting a safety recommendation to Exxon and to the industry. The third mate failed to properly manoeuvre the vessel‚ possibly due to fatigue or excessive workload. Exxon Shipping Company failed to properly maintain the Raytheon Collision Avoidance System
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Major Oil Spills of the 20th and 21st century In 1989 the Exxon Valdez American oil tanker crashed into the Bligh Reef‚ off the Coast of Bligh Island in Prince William Sound‚ Alaska. The tanker was supposed to turn south after they had reached a certain point‚ Busby Island‚ but because the ship didn’t turn fast enough‚ it collided with the reef. Due to how widespread the damage was‚ 1900km of coastline was polluted. This pollution killed approximately 250‚000 seabirds‚ 2‚800 sea otters‚ 250 bald
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custom Impacts of Oil Spills on Marine and Terrestrial Ecosystems essay In this paper am going to examine the factors contributing to oil spills‚ and their effects on marine and terrestrial ecosystems. This addition of phytoplankton leads to depletion of oxygen levels in water‚ making it hard for survival of animal and plant population in the water. These oil spills do not only affect the marine system but also the chronic urban contamination and the economic loss. The oil spill has total effect
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In late March of 1989‚ an oil tanker by the name of Exxon Valdez spilled between eleven and 38 million gallons of oil into the Prince William Sound in Alaska. This spill was caused by various influential factors‚ but perhaps one of the most important would be Exxon Shipping Company’s inability to oversee the condition of the crew‚ leading to a fatigued navigator who led the vessel astray‚ which resulted in the massive spill. This oil‚ which is‚ of course‚ hazardous to living creatures‚ resulted
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Public Relations Review 37 (2011) 226–232 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Public Relations Review The Gulf Coast oil spill: Extending the theory of image restoration discourse to the realm of social media and beyond petroleum Sidharth Muralidharan ∗ ‚ Kristie Dillistone‚ Jae-Hwa Shin The University of Southern Mississippi‚ United States a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The explosion of Transocean’s Deepwater Horizon‚ an oil-rig licensed to BP‚ set in motion a chain
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BP Crises Law/531 October 1‚ 2012 The Deepwater Horizon disaster attributed to BP‚ a multinational oil and gas company‚ occurred in 2010 dumping massive amounts of oil in the waters on the gulf coast. The BP is headquartered in London with operations in 80 countries with the largest being in the United States. Team B participated in a simulation that presented a similar scenario as the oil spill mentioned. The company in the
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S.O.S.E Script For more than 100 years‚ oils spills have been affecting most of our oceans‚ with a lot of oil pollution. This is a major problem and occurs around most of the world and sometimes in the same ocean a numerous amount of times. Oil spills‚ not only affect our oceans beauty but affect the marine life as well. But sometimes there is no way to prevent oil spills. A majority of oils spills are spilt into the oceans due to harsh water conditions or a hurricane. The U.S. Environmental
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12 1999 the Maltese oil tanker Erica sunk in the Bay of Biscay outside the French coast of Brittany. The vessel had broken in two spilling an amount close to 19800 tones of heavy fuel oil. Additionally 6400 tones remained in the bow section of the sunken vessel and approximately 4800 tones in the stern section. Even though all crew members were rescued‚ this event would inevitably turn out to a huge disaster. Most of all because of the environmental consequences of the oil spill. In this paper I
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strategy‚ have led BP to develop a negative reputation amongst consumers and government officials. The company needs to develop a way to get consumers to put the past behavior of BP behind them and to make consumers believe that the new core values BP has‚ along with its efforts towards rectifying the situation‚ are truthful and valuable. Situational Analysis Internal Environment: Marketing Objectives‚ Strategy‚ and Performance Without actually defining a mission statement‚ BP has published a
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Ethics in the field of Public Relations Public Relations (PR) is a growing field today. Many people view the profession as unethical‚ because its goal is to influence public opinion. Just a few unethical people can tarnish an image of a whole field. One of the first people to use PR techniques was P. T. Barnum. For example‚ he created a birth certificate for a woman who was claiming to have been George Washington ’s personal nurse. This would have made the woman over 160 years old. People like P
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