Capital Structure and Debt Structure* Joshua D. Rauh Kellogg School of Management and NBER Amir Sufi University of Chicago Booth School of Business and NBER February 2010 *We thank Doug Diamond‚ Anil Kashyap‚ Gordon Phillips‚ Michael Roberts‚ Toni Whited‚ Luigi Zingales‚ and seminar participants at Emory University‚ Georgetown University‚ Maastricht University‚ Rice University‚ Tilburg University‚ the University of California-Berkeley‚ the University of Chicago‚ the University of Colorado
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3.1 discuss the factors that can impact on an individual’s quality of life (1000) Quality of life is a personal opinion as what one person feels is an adequate standard of living may be greatly different to another persons. As quality of life doesn’t just refer to the physical but to psychological factors affecting people this again is another reason why quality of life cannot be measured. This is due to the fact that differing emotional states of mind will allow one person to deal with issues more
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Compare/ assess HSBC and Citi-corps IT strategies. Do they invest in IT primarily as a way of cutting costs and improving their operational efficiencies‚ or do they invest strategically with a view to entrench their competitive positions? As noted in the conclusion of the article written by the Asia Case Research Center and the University of Hong Kong HCBC and Citigroup have both developed into global financial institutions. Both organizations have heavily invested in Information Technology and
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Internal customer essay The internal customer is not new‚ nor is it a purely public sector concept. The idea was first used almost forty years ago to describe different forms of administrative relationships within the private sector (Sayles‚ 1964). It stemmed from an understanding that in any organisation all staff are both the providers and receivers of services and‚ critically‚ if poor internal service exists‚ then the final service to the external customer will be diminished. The quality
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The Gender Pay Gap PROBLEM Introduction The pay gap between men and women has fallen quite dramatically over the past 30 years though a sizeable gap still remains‚ but this headline figure masks some less positive developments in recent years. We are used to each generation of women making progress relative to the one before‚ but this process has slowed slightly with the better than the previous one(Centre Piece Summer 2006). The gender pay gap measures the earning differences between
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The organisation and the environment in which it operates in are not closed systems because they influence each other. The organisation thus cannot be successful if it is not in step with its environment. The simple fact that the organisation interacts with the environment means that the organisation is is acting in an open system and will be both affected by the environment and also impact on the environment. This means that the organisation draws its inputs such as human‚ financial and informational
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“Organizational Structure” Introduction: Organizational structure provides the framework of an organization determining how roles and responsibilities are delegated throughout the different levels of the organization. It has been defined by some as the looking glass through which coworkers see their organization and its surrounding environment while others have described structure as the backbone of the organization. In this memo‚ I will briefly discuss the importance of organizational structure‚ give
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Energy Efficient Buildings Internal Heat Gains and Design Heating & Cooling Loads Internal Heat Gains People and electrical equipment in buildings give off heat. These internal heat gains must be included in energy balances on the building or zone to determine the net heating or cooling load. Heat Gain From People Typical sensible‚ latent and total heat rates given off by people are shown in the table below (ASHRAE Fundamentals‚ 2005). The sensible heat gain results from radiation and
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that the merit pay program had no effect on organizational performance in social organizations. Although‚ merit pay and bonuses for managers are common forms of compensation‚ there have been lacks of tests of their effectiveness‚ especially in banking sectors (Dyer & Schwab‚ 1982). In this study‚ the author will apply a Box and Jenkins (1976) time series procedure‚ which was used by Perry & Porter (1981) and Pearce‚ et al (1985)‚ to determine whether or not implementing a merit pay plan that tied
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Introduction Every student has a cherish desire to get admitted in a well reputed university. I am a student of the University of Dhaka and I fulfill my dream to get admitted in this university. The University of Dhaka is the oldest university in Bangladesh. It is a multi-disciplinary research university and is among the top universities in the region. It was Established on July 21‚ 1921. Students and teachers of this university have played a major part in shaping the history of Bangladesh
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