NCOME-TAX ACT‚ 1961* [43 OF 1961] [AS AMENDED BY FINANCE ACT‚ 2012] An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to income-tax and super-tax BE it enacted by Parliament in the Twelfth Year of the Republic of India as follows :— CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY Short title‚ extent and commencement. 11. 2(1) This Act may be called the Income-tax Act‚ 1961. (2) It extends to the whole of India. (3) Save as otherwise provided in this Act‚ it shall come into force on the 1st day of April‚ 1962. Definitions
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INCOME TAX NOTES Residential Status and Incidence of Tax According to Section 5 of the Income Tax Act the scope of total Income of an assessee depends on his residential status.On the basis of residential status assessee are classified under the following two categories: 1. Resident 2. Non-resident. As per as resident individuals and Hindu Undivided Families are concerned‚ they can be further divided into two categories: 1. Ordinarily Resident 2. Not ordinarily Resident. Residential
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losses on transfers of property that has declined in value. Question 14-20 According to Publication 538: S Corporations‚ all Partnerships‚ Limited Liability Companies/Partnerships are required to use a calendar year. These pass-through entities can make an election to file on a fiscal year if they meet certain requirements. In almost cases‚ these entities are on a calendar year basis. C Corporations can pick up any month end for their tax year. Question 14-22 Corporations can claim capital losses
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National Income Determination Introduction • A key objective of Macroeconomics is to explain GDP growth and its fluctuations • Therefore‚ need to understand the forces that determine GDP (“National Income”) • John Maynard Keynes in his “General Theory of Employment‚ Interest and Money” (1936) developed a model of income determination • Known as Keynesian Theory of Income Determination • Aggregate spending / demand determines the level of aggregate output Concepts and Functions Actual
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Michael Ferrai Economics 001 Income Distribution November 13‚ 2012 Over the last 30 years the participation of women in the work force has increased dramatically‚ unfortunately the pay gap between men and women has not decreased much at all. On top of that the pay gap between the classes of working America is increasing. While there have been some improvements there is still a lot of room for improvement. As of 2011 women’s median hourly wages were about 84 percent of males median hourly
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National income is a measure of the total value of goods and services produced in a country over a given period‚ usually a year. Simply‚ it is the total amount of income earned by the citizens of a nation. The term national income normally refers to the Gross National Product (GNP) of a country in a given year. GNP is a measure of the total market value of final goods and services produced by all the citizens of a nation in a year. There are three main approaches to measuring National Income these
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Table A Table A: Condensed Income Statements‚ 1991-1993 (thousands of dollars) 1991 1992 1993 Net sales Cost of goods sold Gross profit Operating expenses Interest expense Interest income Profit before taxes Federal income taxes Net profit $5‚213 3‚597 $1‚616 1‚199 68 20 $369 125 $244 $6‚167 4‚440 $1‚727 1‚542 75 15 $125 43 $82 $7‚967 5‚577 $2‚390 1‚912 85 16 $409 139 $270 Page 1 Table B Table B: Balance Sheet at December 31‚ 1993 (thousands of dollars) Cash Accounts
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Case IV: Arbitrage in the Government Bond Market Fixed income management (EBC4058) Tutor: Micheal Viehs Coordinator: Thomas Post Group C: de Vivo Paolo 6057152 Bing-Jun Zhu 6030493 Honglei Zhao 6051963 04/03/2013 INDEX I INTRODUCTION II BOND MARKET – A snapshot III TWO SYNTHETIC BONDS BUILD THE TWO SYNTHETIC BONDS PRICE OF THE SYNTHETIC BONDS IV HOW TO EXPLOIT THE ARBITRAGE OPPORTUNITY SPECULATING ON POSSIBLE REASONS V THE ADVANTAGES OF CALLABLE BONDS VI CONCLUSIONS VII PROBLEM SET
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distribution of income is to achieve economic equality‚ which is to give every citizen the opportunity of earning a decent living. However‚ our current system’s inability to better allocate the resources we have at our disposal has widened the gap between the wealthy and the poor especially during the past 20 years. The primary benefit of the distribution of income is to transfer wealth‚ with the help of the government‚ to those who are less fortunate. The current distribution of income is a cost to
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social discrimination existed all over the world‚ such as racial‚ religions‚ sex discrimination etc. Every person has equality before the law‚ but‚ in many case‚ the fate of people would be decided to depend on their background. Depending on parent income‚ some people can graduate from private university‚ others just graduate from public high school. In fact‚ these different of process would greatly influence in their future. As I watched video which story about social discrimination and each worker
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