DQ 1 Why is tax minimization different from efficient tax planning? Effective tax planning involves considering the role of taxes when implementing the decision rule of maximizing after-tax returns. Tax-minimization does not aim to maximize after-tax returns‚ so it may be undesirable. Tax minimization can introduce significant costs along nontax dimensions. Tax minimization may not consider risks and costs‚ so may not catch the some profitable chances. But‚ effective tax planning always consider
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Tax & Taxation The term ’tax’ has been derived from the French word taxe and etymologically‚ the Latin word taxare is related to the term ’tax’‚ which means ’to charge’. Tax is an obligatory payment in the part of the citizen without the expectation of any direct benefit. Taxation is the obligation of non-penal‚ yet compulsory transfer of resources from the private to the public sector levied on a basis of predetermined criteria and without reference to specific benefit received. It is one of the
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TAX REFORMS IN INDIA * About :- Tax reform is the process of changing the way taxes are collected or managed by the government. Tax reformers have different goals. Some seek to reduce the level of taxation of all people by the government. Some seek to make the tax system more progressive or less progressive. Others seek to simplify the tax system and make the system more understandable‚ or more accountable . Numerous organizations have
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FEATURES OF SERVICE TAX 1. Scope: It is leviable on taxable services ‘provided’ or ‘to be provided’ by a service provider. The services ‘to be provided’ in future are taxed only if payment in its respect is received in advance. Two separate persons required Payment to employees not covered: For charge of service tax‚ it is necessary that the service provider and service recipient should be two separate persons acting on ‘principal to principal basis’. Services provided by an employee to
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taken by the beneficiaries. In the tax of tax fraud the bond referred to here are actually non-existent and are never enforceable in the tax authorities decide to exercise the right to take the bond such as failure to pay an installment on a tax deficiency or tax return. Another criminal offense is the declaration that there are already permits that the taxpayer has procured from the local government and the cost of such permits is deducted in the income tax return as an
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Who did it? eBay avoided £ 50m in tax Starbucks paid less than 1% tax on its profit IKEA halved its tax bill Former Italian Prime Minister Bersculoni List goes on…. How do they do it? Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) Sister Company Round Tripping Tax havens Influencing audit committees Who is affected? Government Less of taxes Profits siphoned off to other countries Fiscal deficit General public Less spending from govt.‚ less benefits
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I. INTRODUCTION To raise revenue for tight government budgets‚ legislators sometimes attempt to raise revenue by imposing unusually high excise taxes on cigarettes‚ liquor‚ gambling‚ and so on. This type of charge‚ often called a "sin tax‚" appeals to voters who view it as a way of discouraging consumption of certain objectionable products. It reduces the income of the buyer.Lowers profits for the seller‚ and leads to reduced investment‚ wages‚ and jobs.It is not likely to seriously
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Value added tax (VAT) in theory avoids the cascade effect of sales tax by taxing only the value added at each stage of production. For this reason‚ throughout the world‚ VAT has been gaining favour over traditional sales taxes. In principle‚ VAT applies to all provisions of goods and services. VAT is assessed and collected on the value of goods or services that have been provided every time there is a transaction (sale/purchase). The seller charges VAT to the buyer‚ and the seller pays this VAT to
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Tax Law Exam L. 2 Jurisdiction To Tax Basic Formula: S4-10 -Tax Payable = (Taxable Income x Tax rate) - Tax Offsets Taxable Year: 1 July – 30 June (note: s4-10 Note 1 – Commissioner may allow to adopt different period Taxable Income S4-15 – Taxable Income= Assessable Income – Deductions Assessable Income S6-1 – Assessable Income= • Ordinary Income S6-5 AND • Statutory Income s6-10 BUT NOT • Exempt Income s6-15 Deductions General Deductions -s8-1 Specific Deductions
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Internet Sales Tax Internet sales tax is topic that has been under heavy debate for over a decade. The tax proposal will have an impact on not only the consumer‚ but the provider‚ supply chain‚ e-commerce‚ and the economy as a whole. The National Bureau of Economic Research found that‚ “an imposition of sales taxes could reduce online spending by as much as thirty-percent. This thirty-percent reduction could cost companies as much as 54 billion dollars in lost sales.” ("Online Retailing to
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