Adjustment for Accruals and Prepayment Adjustment to final accounts are usually made at the end of a financial year Adjustments for accruals and prepayments are based on the accrual concept. The Accrual Concept • The Accrual concept states that income and expenditure should be recorded in the period in which they are incurred and not when they are actually received or paid Accrued Expenses • Accrued expenses are those that are not paid in the accounting period in which they are due (incurred)
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1.0 Introduction Performance measurement is essential to improve the performance of the organizations to compete in today’s business environment. In the era of industry way back in the 1960’s‚ the traditional performance measurement system has been designed to report labour productivity‚ machine and capacity utilization‚ and standard cost variances. These are cost-efficiency-based measures derived from a strategy to minimize production costs‚ described as a cost leadership strategy. (usefulness
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Role of Cost Accounting and Ethical Consideration Role of Cost Accounting and Ethical Consideration Introduction Cost accounting is used to help management understand how much it cost to run a business. Understanding the role of cost accounting is important when one is trying to put together a team of managers to help run the company. The CEO of a merchandising organization needs to hire a CFO to run the accounting system‚ but the CEO has little understanding of cost accounting. The CEO
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decision-making authority to an agent. An example of such a relationship is when the owner of a company delegates the decision-making authority to the manager. The costs of divergent behaviour that arises as a result of the agency relationship are referred to as agency costs. Furthermore‚ Watts and Zimmerman (1978) developed the theory of positive accounting which is focused on the assumption that ‘all individual action is driven by self-interest and that individuals will act in an opportunistic manner to increase
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|3845 | If you do not agree to the ifs using any part of this submission as an exemplar‚ please enter an N in the following box ‘Pension Planning: Use it or lose it?’ The pension planning needs of company directors are wide and varied. With pensions legislation set to experience further changes on the 6th April 2012‚ time is limited for those wanting to take full advantage of pension planning. The following article aims to raise your awareness
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The following appeared as part of an annual report sent to stockholders by Olympic Foods‚ a processor of frozen foods: "Over time‚ the costs of processing go down because as organizations learn how to do things better‚ they become more efficient. in color film processing‚ for example‚ the costs of a 3-by-5-inch print fell from 50 cents for five-day service in 1970 to 20 cents for one-day service in 1984. The same principle applies to the processing of food. And since Olympic Foods will soon
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company can allocate the costs incurred in the production of products or services in either a direct or an indirect manner. The direct costs can be defined as being the amount materials actually cost plus any other directly linked costs‚ such as labor‚ materials‚ electricity‚ labor for employee and management‚ machine depreciation) Production materials‚ machine or assembly wages. Labor and wages – the cost of obtaining‚ training and retaining labor is a significantly high cost which must be allocated
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Relative Density Experiment 7: Relative Density Laboratory Report Moses Joshua Montilla‚ Jared Paolo Nacino‚ Daryl Janus Panganiban‚ Matthew Allan Papa Department of Sports Science College of Rehabilitation Science‚ University of Santo Tomas España‚ Manila Philippines Abstract The experiment about relative density is composed of three different activities. The first activity is about the Displacement Method for alloy‚ the second activity is about getting the density of a bone
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Case Analysis Questions Patten Corporation I find this a very rich case that makes for a great introduction to my course. To get the most out of it‚ you need to spend some time thinking about what the company does. Read the case carefully. 1. What does Patten Corporation do? What does it buy? What goods or services does it sell? How does Patten make money? 2. Is Patten profitable or unprofitable? If it is profitable‚ what does the company do that makes it profitable? If profitable
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40 a- Cost of goods manufactured = Direct cost + Indirect cost = [Direct Cost of Material + Direct Cost of Labor] + [Indirect Cost of Material + Indirect Cost of Labor + Utilities Overhead] = Total Cost of Material + Total Cost of Labor + Utilities Overhead = 120‚000 + 90‚000 + 40‚000 = $ 250‚000 b- Total Cost of Operation = Cost of goods manufactured + Selling‚ General admin. and expenses. = 250‚000 + 60‚000 = $ 310‚000 c- Prime Cost =Direct Material Cost + Direct Labor
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