CONTROLS IN AN EDP ENVIRONMENT The second standard of field work requires that we obtain a sufficient understanding of the client’s internal controls (I/C) to plan the audit and assess control risk. We hope that our assessment of control risk shows it to be low so that we can reduce substantive testing‚ thereby reducing audit costs. When EDP is used in significant accounting applications‚ then you must consider the effects the computer has when evaluating the internal controls. The auditor’s
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current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0268-6902.htm Past control risk and current audit fees Past control risk Thomas G. Calderon‚ Li Wang and Thomas Klenotic George W. Daverio School of Accountancy‚ The University of Akron‚ Akron‚ Ohio‚ USA 693 Abstract Purpose – The authors posit that audit fees are driven by historical risk factors and risk encountered in the current period. The purpose of this paper is to focus on historical
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Abnormally High Audit Fees Impair Audit Quality? Jong-Hag Choi‚ Jeong-Bon Kim‚ and Yoonseok Zang SUMMARY: This study examines whether and how audit quality proxied by the magnitude of absolute discretionary accruals is associated with abnormal audit fees‚ that is‚ the difference between actual audit fee and the expected‚ normal level of audit fee. The results of various regressions reveal that the association between the two is asymmetric‚ depending on the sign of the abnormal audit fee. For observations
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Case Study: Nature of CPA Firm For this case study I looked at a broad range of CPA firms’ websites from the large national firms such as Deloitte‚ PWC and Ernst & Young to the smaller local firms including KDV‚ Copeland Buhl & Co and Schechter‚ Dokken & Kanter. While examining these websites‚ the first thing that became apparent to me is that the content and functionality from website to website is very similar. All of the websites I looked at include an ‘About Us’ page explaining who
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Audit Proposal By: Catherine Chase Instructor: Khatrina Higgs‚ CPA ACC/542 Audit Proposal Abstract Understanding the audit process and how auditors operate is vital since it informs IT managers how to develop an environment that is compliant. More importantly‚ this brief will discuss the role of the auditor and its responsibilities as well as expand on the role and responsibilities of management during and after the audit. This brief will also focus on the methodologies of how
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INTERNAL AUDIT 1 Internal audit ‘Internal audit’ is an appraisal activity established by management for the review of accounting and internal control systems as a service to the entity. It reviews‚ monitors and make recommendations for the improvement of systems. Other activities include: Examination of financial information Review of economy‚ efficiency and effectiveness (‘value-for-money’ audits) Review of compliance with external laws and regulations Review of internal policies Review
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BA (HONS) ACCOUNTING & FINANCE BA (HONS) PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTING PROFESSIONAL ACCOUNTANCY COURSE YEAR 3 AUDIT & ASSURANCE 1 INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT BRIEF HAND OUT DATE: 5th October 2011 HAND IN DATE: INSTRUCTIONS FOR COURSEWORK You are required to research and prepare a report based on one of the following topics. Please seek the assistance of the module leader Ivor Pingue and your seminar tutors for help and guidance with your coursework. Do not leave the research too late
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marketing. To discover the needs and wants of customers an to satfisy them. Market vs. target market. Market is people with desire and ability to buy a specific offering. Target market is a specific group of poetionatial consumers toward which an organization directs its marketing program‚ The four P’s. price‚ product‚ promotion‚ place Evolution of marketing (eras). Production era goods covers ther early tears of the united states up tell the 1920’s. goods were scare and buyers were willing
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Definition of Audit: To audit means to go through the process of examining and verifying a company ’s financial records and supporting documents. While a business might go through an audit for any number of reasons‚ such as wanting to attract investors‚ get a loan‚ or sell the business‚ for many business people the word "audit" is welded to the words "income tax". An income tax audit is an inspection and verification of a company ’s records and supporting documents conducted by a CRA (Canada
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drawn from the audit evidence as obtained as the basis for the expression of an opinion on the financial statements. Basic Elements of the Auditor’s Report The auditor’s report includes the following basic elements ordinarily in the following layout: a) Title b) Addressee c) Opening or Introductory Paragraph- i) Identification of the Financial Statements audited ii) A statement of the responsibility of the entity’s management and the responsibility of the auditor
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