Chapter 3 – The Policy Making Process: Decision-Making Activities‚ pp. 28-50. The Policy Process: How Policies Are Made The study of how policies are made generally considers a series of activities‚ or process‚ that occur within the political system. These processes together with the activities involved and likely participants may be portrayed as in Table 3-1 pp. 29. • Problem Identification • Agenda Setting • Policy Formulation • Policy Implementation • Policy Evaluation Problem
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fish both have circulatory systems that consists of a heart‚ blood and blood vessels. Insects have an open circulatory system‚ where the haemolymph circulates freely among the body cavity and not enclosed in vessels‚ unlike the closed circulatory‚ where the blood is transported via the blood vessels. Mammals have a double loop circuit‚ meaning that the blood passes through the heart twice in each circuit of the blood that is pumped around the body. Fish‚ however‚ have a single loop system‚ unlike mammals
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The structures and functions of organs determine their relationships within body systems of an organism. Homeostasis allows the body to perform its normal functions. Explain how the circulatory system (heart‚ arteries‚ veins‚ capillaries‚ red blood cells) transports nutrients and oxygen to cells and removes cell wastes. Describe how the kidneys and the liver are closely associated with the circulatory system as they perform the excretory function of removing waste from the blood. Recognize that kidneys remove nitrogenous wastes
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“Journey through the Circulatory System” by Jackson Shurley One bright sunny day there was a student named Richard getting ready for the bus to come when the evil circulatory system was on a rampage again‚ He must have wondered why nobody was at the bus stop. He carefully stepped on the stairs on the bus when Richard felt a tug from behind‚ he had been pulled through the superior vena cava. He was unconscious for a long period of time‚ Richard woke up in a place that was very wet‚ he
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Three main component of the circulatory system = Heart‚ Blood‚ Blood Vessels Three functions of the heart = Transportation‚ protection‚ Body temperature control De-oxygenated blood flows through the vena cava‚ it then enters the right atrium which gets pumped into the right ventricle which pumps it through the semi-lunar valve and through to the pulmonary artery. The blood flow then goes to the lungs where it is oxygenised‚ the newly oxygenised blood re-enters the heart via the pulmonary vein
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Disorders of the Nervous System The way we think‚ our emotions‚ and the ability of our body to tell itself to move all connect back to the nervous system. If one part is not connected to another or if something never developed properly it can create a major problem. Disorders can occur within the brain or can be malfunctions of the nerves. Disorders can range from Palsy and Parkinson’s in which symptoms are movements such as tremors to Alzheimer’s which is mental deterioration and loss of memory
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Disorders of the Digestive System Diarrhea Dysphagia Constipation Enteritis Appendicitis Flatus Tumor Gastrectomy Cirrhosis Pancreatitis Hepatitis Cholecystitis Anorexia Nervosa Cholelithiasis Bulimia Diarrhea • Is a Condition that Involves the Frequent Passing of Loose or Watery Stools - It is the Opposite of Constipation and can have Many Causes‚ which may
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Paper #1 Integumentary System Disorder Alopecia areata is a disease that affects the integumentary system.1 It is a disease that affects the hair follicles‚ which are part of the skin from which hairs grow. 1 In most cases‚ hair falls out in small‚ round patches about the size of a quarter.2 Many people with the disease get only a few bare patches. Some people may lose more hair.2 Rarely‚ the disease causes total loss of hair on the head or complete loss of hair on the
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Digestive system disorders Digestive system disorders can cause a lot of discomfort. Symptoms can include gas‚ diarrhea‚ constipation‚ cramps‚ nausea and vomiting. These common symptoms can have very different causes. These kinds of symptoms can make digestive disorders hard to diagnose. Celiac disease Celiac disease occurs when the body’s immune system reacts to a type of protein called gluten. If a person eats food that contains gluten‚ the immune system will gradually damage the lining of
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Disorders of the Digestive System Hyperacidity Excessive secretion of hydrochloric acid in the stomach is hyperacidity‚ which is technically known as hyperchlorohydria. It causes heart burn (Severe pain and burning sensation in the epigastric region due to hyperacidity is called heartburn) . Hyperacidity leads to ulcers. causes 1. Medicines like aspirin 2. Drinks like alcohol 1. Beverages like coffee 1. Cigarette smoking and tobacco chewing 1. Foods containing excess
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