removing the –OH group on 4-methylcyclohexanol via dehydration and to have a double bond form via a loss of a hydrogen on a β-Carbon. Many techniques and skills were developed in this lab. Among them were dehydration‚ isolation‚ drying‚ and distillation. We used all of these techniques to get the product we were looking for. In addition to these experimental techniques we also verified our product via spectroscopy which is a new technique. Using IR spectroscopy we were able to specifically
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Experiment 2: Dehydration of an Alcohol: Distillation and Gas Chromatography Preparation of Methylcyclohexenes Purpose: The basic purpose of this experiment is to carry out the dehydration of an alcohol and isolate the reaction products by distillation. Gas Chromatography will be utilized to analyze the reaction mixture. Table of Reagents: Compound (g) Molecular Weight (g/mol) Grams (g) Moles 6 mL of 2-methylcyclohexanol (C7H14O) 114.19 g/mol 6 mL x 0.943g = 5.66 g 1 mL 5.66 g x
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experimental heat of combustion of methanol (CH3OH) and ethanol (CH3CH2OH). To decide which would be a better choice to take on a camping trip. MATERIALS: 1 Copper container 1 Clamp 1 Spirit Lamp with Wick Ethanol 1 Retort Stand Methanol 1 Box of Matches Water 1 Electronic Balance Thermometer PROCEDURE: Firstly‚ Measure the weight of the empty Copper container on the electronic balance. Record your results in a table. Secondly‚ fill the copper container with 100ml of water. Thirdly‚ Attach the copper
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Steam Distillation of Lemongrass Oil I. Introduction When a mixture of cyclohexane and toluene is distilled‚ the boiling point of these two miscible liquids is between the boiling points of each of the pure components. By contrast‚ if a mixture of benzene and water (Immiscible liquids) is distilled‚ the boiling point of the mixture will be found below the boiling point of each pure component. Since the two liquids are essentially insoluble in each other‚ the benzene molecules in a droplet of
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The process of distillation is commonly used to purify liquids. The process of distillation allows separation of distillates based on the temperatures at which they boil. Liquids with higher volatility boil at lower rates than liquids that are less volatile. Because of this when a mixture of two substances is created there will be a spike in the boiling point. At the spike the more volatile substance has vaporized and condense out of the mixture leaving the less volatile liquid. Thus the temperature
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Introduction: This experiment involves an extraction of a natural product using the techniques of steam distillation. The principle component of oil of cloves is an aromatic compound‚ which is identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC). Eugenol is widely used in dentistry‚ due to its analgesic‚ antiseptic balsamic qualities. It is ideal for curative for pulp hyperemia (the soft‚ sensitive substance underneath the enamel and dentine of a tooth) and pulp its. In dentistry eugenol is also used to
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Experiment 1: Simple and Fractional Distillation of a Binary Mixture Introduction: In this experiment the aim is to separate two chemicals from a stock mixture (azeotrope) using two different distillation processes. In both methods (simple and fractional) the liquids reach a boiling point‚ the molecules then vaporize‚ separate from the stock mixture and then condense back into liquid form down the to the receiver. Simple distillation works well when the two components boiling points have a large
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WATER OUR LIFELINE Water is a transparent fluid which forms the world’s streams‚ lakes‚ oceans and rain‚ and is the major constituent of the fluids of living things. As a chemical compound‚ a water molecule contains one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms that are connected by covalent bonds. Water covers 71% of the Earth’s surface.[1] It is vital for all known forms of life. On Earth‚ 96.5% of the planet’s water is found in seas and oceans‚ 1.7% in groundwater‚ 1.7% in glaciers and the ice caps of Antarctica
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Distillation is one of the most common separation techniques used in laboratories or industries where liquid chemicals are separated based on their volatilities. Distillation is usually done by vaporizing the liquid mixture in one vessel and condensing the vapors into another. The liquid mixture being distilled is called distilland and the resulting liquid is called distillate. In laboratories‚ there are several types of distillation used according to the needs such as simple distillation which involves
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Fractional Distillation Fractional distillation‚ also known as rectification or fractionation‚ is common in industrial usage‚ not only for simple mixtures of two components (such as alcohol and water in fermentation products‚ or oxygen and nitrogen in liquid air) but also for highly complex mixtures such as those found in coal tar and petroleum. The purpose of fractional distillation is to separate a mixture of two miscible liquids (liquids that mix in all proportions‚ in this case water and ethanol)
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