ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Carbon atoms: * Carbon-carbon bonds are not easily broken * Each carbon atom forms 4 covalent bonds * The C-H bond is almost non-polar Classifying organic compounds: * Number of carbon atoms in longest chain: meth‚ eth‚ prop‚ but‚ pent‚ hex‚ hept‚ oct‚ non‚ dec * If it is a branch: -yl; di‚ tri or tetra means there is more than one branch‚ ethyl means there are 2 carbons coming off the branch * If it is a ring of carbons put cyclo at the front of the
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with aqueous sodium hydroxide‚ which will react with eugenol‚ to yield the sodium salt of eugenol in the basic aqueous layer‚ and acetyleugenol in the organic layer. The basic aqueous layer can be acidified to re-extract eugenol from it. And the organic layer can be dried and concentrated to yield acetyleugenol The principle of steam distillation is based on the fact that two immiscible liquids will boil at a lower temperature than the boiling points of either pure component‚ because the total vapor
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Fractional Distillation of GSM Blue Pamela Trix Lanaja‚ Jonathan M. Librojo‚ Shaun Therence Mabunay and Carissa Mae Magdaleno 3Bio3‚ Department of Biology‚College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract G.S.M. Blue is composed primarily of water‚ sugar cane alcohol with essences of juniper berries and other botanicals with traces of impurities and flavourings and it has 32.5 percent alcohol by volume (65 proof). The experiment aimed to separate its
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Table 1: Data Collection Table – Contains all of the primary data directly obtained from the lab. Indicator | Initial volume of NaOH in burette (ml) ±0.05 | Final Volume of NaOH in burette (ml) ±0.05 | Final – initial Burette Reading (Volume of NaOH used) (ml) ±0.1 | Qualitative Observations | Phenolphthalein | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.9 | At first when the base was being dropped into the vinegar there wasn’t a color change‚ however when the solutions came close to full titration‚ the solution
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Number Surname Other Names Candidate Signature Candidate Number For Examiner’s Use Examiner’s Initials Question Mark General Certificate of Education Advanced Level Examination January 2011 1 2 3 Chemistry Unit 4 Kinetics‚ Equilibria and Organic Chemistry 9.00 am to 10.45 am Wednesday 26 January 2011 CHEM4 4 5 6 7 For this paper you must have: ● the Periodic Table/Data Sheet‚ provided as an insert (enclosed) ● a calculator. TOTAL Time allowed ● 1 hour 45 minutes
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Purpose: To find out the densities and to find out the name of the unknown metals. (Based on the extensive and intensive properties) Check up the words mass‚ volume‚ density‚ extensive properties‚ and intensive properties. Where do the units for mass and volume) come from and what do they mean? What is the density of distilled water? What is Archimedes principle? Does temperature affect the density of a solid? Liquid? Gas? Materials: Safety glasses‚ 10‚ 25 or 50 mL graduated cylinders
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The Synthesis of Organic Aspirin ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment was to find out how a reaction undergoes for a globally known painkiller called aspirin‚ and to become familiar with achieving successful yields. Aspirin is synthesized from salicylic acid and acetic anhydride. Those two chemicals are mixed together along with sulfuric acid to form a crude solid. Filtration is used separate the impurities from the crude aspirin. To get purified aspirin‚ the precipitate was heated until all
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Distillation of Alcoholic Beverages Abstract We used a Quickfit Set Up in order to perform a Simple Distillation procedure. We used 15mL of The Bar as our distillate. We separated and calculated the alcohol content of the said beverage by the distillation process. Introduction Alcoholic beverages are undeniably part of our culture for a long time already. It has many purposes‚ like‚ medical‚ hygienic‚ recreational. But‚ like everything else‚ if taken excessively‚ that is a different story
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Name of the Experiment: Simple Distillation (Semimicroscale Procedure.) Abstract: Distillation is a method of process of separating 1:1 mixture based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture. Distillation is done with the use of simple distillation apparatus shown in Figure 1. In this experiment‚ simple distillation process was used to determine the identities of the unknown compounds in the solution through the obtained boiling points. The list of probable unknown volatile
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Identifying Organic Compounds Joe Harris 11/12/07 1. Background Organic compounds are‚ by definition‚ any chemical compound containing carbon. These compounds include carbohydrates‚ polysaccharides‚ lipids‚ proteins‚ and nucleic acids. Each one of these compounds has a different purpose. Carbohydrates give energy to cells when consumed. Lipids are basically the
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