the temperature in the flask and a vertical condenser for reflux. Add in the reactants to the flask‚ sulfuric acid‚ 2-butanol‚ and ammonium bromide. Heat to 95OC and then maintain temperature for 30 minutes. Then‚ water was added and simple distillation began. The aqueous layer of the distillate was removed leaving the product‚ 2-bromobutane. For part 2‚ two drops of each of the following were placed in 3 different test tubes: 2-bromobutane‚ 1-bromoutane and 2-bromo-2-methylpropane. In each
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Separations of the Components of a Mixture January 9‚ 2013 Hailey Rounds Partners: Kelsy Shay Katie Nelson Objectives: The purposes of this experiment are to separate two components in a mixture‚ specifically sodium chloride and silica‚ and find the correlating percent composition of each. Abstract: This experiment consisted of the separation of sodium chloride and silica. The mixture was separated by extracting the sodium chloride with water and drying both substances. Adding water to
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Distillation of Alcohol Beverages Abstract Distillation is a process wherein a liquid is heated until its boiling point while the resultant hot vapors are subsequently captured and cooled‚ and the condensed vapors are collected. Among the many types of distillations‚ the fractional method or technique of distillation was used in this experiment. A step by step procedure was followed and an amount of 3.33 % of ethanol was obtained from the sample wine‚ Mateus Rose‚ which was used. Further
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+ Assignments) 30% 40% 3 Mid term Final term Course Outline Introduction to Mass Transfer Operations Selection criteria among different separation processes Complete design calculations for equilibrium stage processes; Distillation Absorption Leaching Liquid-Liquid Extraction Design calculations for differential contractors Applications of Mass Transfer Fundamentals Calculation of Rate of Mass Transfer: Limiting Processes Case studies taking Environment‚ Manufacturing
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funnel and washed with NaOH (2M‚ 35 cm3) and water (2 x 50 cm3)‚ organic layers were collected and dried over potassium carbonate and Buchner filtered. Excess toluene was removed by rotary evaporation ensuring bath temp was around 40 °C. Vacuum distillation apparatus was set up and residue placed in a round bottomed flask. Residue was distilled under reduced pressure by way of vacuum for approximately one hour. Residual toluene was collected in one vial between 24–28 °C then a slight temperature drop
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Determination of Melting and Boiling Point of different Organic Compounds Bakare‚ Abimbola Kristine‚ C. Professor Miranda Marilyn‚ school of chemical engineering and biotechnology‚ Mapua Institute of Technology‚ CHM145L-B11 ABSTRACT A melting point of a solid is the temperature at which the first crystal just starts to melt until the temperature at which the last crystal just disappears. Thus‚ the melting point (m.p.) is actually a melting range. The melting point of a substance depends
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and integration in CDU ’. The main report is divided into 4 sections. To start with‚ the first Section is a basic introduction to Crude distillation unit‚ its process and products. Heat exchange is among the most important activity for crude distillation units. The 2nd part of the report focuses on this heat exchange process occurring in the crude distillation unit of Guwahati refinery. Necessary data regarding all the heat exchangers has been provided in a tabular manner to make understanding
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TABLE OF CONTENT Content Page Introduction Type of Distillation Column Operation of Distillation Column Application in Industry Drawing of simple PFD Problems solving 1.0 INTRODUCTION Distillation is defined as a process in which a liquid or vapour mixture of two or more substances is separated into its component fractions of desired purity‚ by the application and removal of heat. Distillation is the most commonly used separation process in the chemistry and petrochemical industry‚ mostly
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Isolation of yeast RNA Methods The experiment was first started through mixing of 3.0 g dry yeast‚ 5.0 ml of 1% NaOH and 25.0 ml distilled water in 100 ml beaker. The resulting mixture was heated in a boiling water bath for 15 minutes while being stirred. The suspension was strained using cheesecloth and the obtained filtrate was obtained and collected in the beaker. This was then centrifuged at maximum speed for about 10-15 minutes. Centrifugation‚ which uses the idea of gravity‚ break up
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Introduction Friedel-Crafts acylation of anisole with acetic anhydride was used in this experiement to synthesize 4-methoxyacetophenone with the use of a reflux apparatus. Friedel-Crafts reactions can be done by alkylation‚ which involves mixing an alkyl or acyl halide with a Lewis acid‚ or acylation‚ which is done with acid chlorides or anhydrides(Lefevre). Acylation was used because it does not have as many disadvantages aklyations reactions have such as polyalkylation‚ second electrophilic attacks
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