12 Distribution Channels and Logistics Management 12.1 The nature of distribution channels Why are marketing intermediaries used? Why use intermediaries? Means giving up some control over how and to whom products are sold – They are used because they have greater efficiency in making goods available to target markets – Contacts‚ experience‚ specialization‚ scale of operation – N-to-M direct selling‚ N-to-1 + 1-to-M through channel – Producers make narrow assortments in large quantities
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Chapter 6 Channels of distribution and logistics LEARNING OBJECTIVES By the end of this chapter you will: n n n n comprehend key elements and decisions in distribution channel design be able to evaluate different configurations of channel structure be familiar with recent trends and developments in channels of distribution appreciate the importance of managing the physical flows of products‚ services and information into‚ through‚ and out of the organization to its customers n grasp the
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number of enterprises pay much more attention on choosing distribution channels. Keegan and Schlegelmich (2001) explained that distribution channel can be considered as the method which is used for enterprises putting products into the market for consumers to use. The traditional distribution channel goes from supplier‚ manufacturer‚ distributor‚ wholesaler and retailer (Frazier‚ 1999). Indirect and direct are two different types of distribution channels (Wilkinson‚ 2001). According to Silva (2008)‚
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distributors-but those partnerships nearly always blow up in the end. Much ofthe blame lies with the multinationals themselves. They need to understand how their new partners are different from the ones at home. Seven Rules o/lnternational Distribution by David Arnold AN ESTABLISHED CORPORATION LOOKING FOR new international markets makes a foray into an / \ emerging market‚ carefully limiting its exposure by appointing an independent local distributor. At first‚ sales take off‚ revenues
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UNIT 3 GENERAL INSURANCE General Insurance: Principles‚ products (Fire‚ Marine‚ Motor vehicles‚ public liability‚ third party insurance‚ medi-claim and health policies‚ group insurance‚ burglary insurance). 1 Sunil Kushwaha INTRODUCTION Insurance is an important aid to minimize the effect of uncertainties of life as well as property. With the increasing complexities in our personal and professional life‚ the range of risks that the insurance companies accept has also expended
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UT0EUYVKJX8 Equal Distribution of Income The fair distribution of income may be the most value-laden of all economic goals; it is certainly the most controversial. When it comes to dividing the total national output‚ there can be many interpretations of what makes for a fair division of wealth‚ as there are people. The issue of income equalization is further complicated by regional differences‚ as identified in the article. The equalization program‚ which is funded through general tax revenue collected
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service. E. pool car service. 2. Air express companies place many small packages into specially designed cylinders that conform to the interior dimensions of a cargo airplane. This practice protects the smaller packages and helps to reduce distribution costs. The air express companies are practicing: A. Containerization. B. Piggybacking. C. Freight forwarding. D. Cylinderization. E. None of the above. 3. A major benefit of _____ is that it protects the products and simplifies handling
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Case Analysis‚ Tata Motors International Business and Economics Amsterdam Business School‚ 2010 Introduction Tata Motors is an automotive company to take notice of. Representing the evolving Indian population and growing economy of one of the world’s key emerging markets‚ it is a market leader for commercial vehicles and third for passenger vehicles in the Indian market. It shocked the world by introducing the $2000 Nano in 2009 and also by growing its portfolio by purchasing Jaguar Land
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Exploring the Links Between International Business and Poverty Reduction: A Case Study of Unilever in Indonesia Principal Author: Jason Clay Principal Author: Jason Cla An Oxfam GB‚ Novib‚ Unilever‚ and Unilever Indonesia joint research project First published by Oxfam GB‚ Novib Oxfam Netherlands‚ and Unilever in 2005 © Oxfam GB‚ Novib Oxfam Netherlands‚ and Unilever 2005 ISBN 0 85598 566 6 All rights reserved. This publication is copyright‚ but may be reproduced by any method without fee
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Introduction:The General Appliance Corporation is a manufacturer of all types of home appliances. The company has a decentralized‚ divisional organizational structure‚ which consists of four product divisions (electric stove‚ laundry equipment‚ refrigeration and miscellaneous appliance division)‚ four manufacturing divisions (chrome products‚ electric motor‚ gear and transmission and stamping division) and six staff offices (finance‚ engineering‚ manufacturing‚ industrial relations‚ purchasing and
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