DNA vaccines: new applications for veterinary medicine Vinciane Dufour Service de Biologie Moleculaire‚ Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments (AFSSA)‚ Ploufragan‚ Brittany‚ France Introduction In 1990‚ Wolff and his colleagues were the first to report the successful expression of naked plasmid DNA in mouse muscle tissue [108]. A few years later it was reported that the injection of DNA encoding an antigenic protein of influenza virus conferred protective immunity in mice [97].
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Extraction of Caffeine from Tea Leaves using Dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) Abstract The extraction of caffeine (C8H10N402) was done in two parts. The first procedure used was solid-liquid extraction which was done by boiling the tea leaves in 100 ml. distilled water for 5-10 minutes. The filtrate was acquired and was extracted again by liquid-liquid extraction using dichloromethane (CH2Cl2). The combined DCM (CH2Cl2) was washed and dried to yield crude caffeine. The crude caffeine was purified
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Objective: DNA is analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis after being digested with EcoRI restriction endonucleasse. Procedures: λ DNA and puC18 DNA were put into two tubes respectively. Then‚ EcoRI buffer‚ EcoRI enzyme and deionized water would be put into both tubes. EcoRI enzyme was the restriction enzyme that cut the DNA at the specific sequence. The EcoRI buffer enhanced the stability of many enzymes and binds contaminants that may be present in DNA preparations. DI water was used to
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March 3‚ 2013 Wrongful convictions. | How the use of DNA can exonerate those wrongfully convicted. Imagine wasting years of your life in a jail cell on death row‚ for a crime you did not commit. You have to ask yourself “how could this happen? How did an innocent person get convicted if indeed they are innocent?” Those are just a few questions you think of when you think of wrongful convictions. Some questions can be answered by the common causes of wrongful convictions‚ such as‚ eyewitness
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box in a class 2 promoter. He got a piece of DNA that had a good class 2 promoter and a piece of DNA that he knew he could cut with restriction endonucleases. The idea is to pair a piece of DNA with label on only one strand. In this case you want the label on the crick strand. You would take this piece of DNA with a hot phosphate on 5 prime end of the crick strand and denature it. The probe DNA helps you see where txn starts. You take that probe DNA and you mix it with transcript thats made by the
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generation and the use of DNA information and analyses will contribute greatly to the field of criminal investigation and in effect‚ downgrade with expediency the crime rate in the country‚" Angara said. What are those for? DNA matching will become an ever more powerful weapon against crime. Law enforcement will increasingly be able to identify suspects from biological evidence at crime scenes‚ saving investigative time and protecting innocent people from suspicion. When DNA evidence is properly handled
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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PLASMID AND CHROMOSOMAL DNA IN BACTERIA. Eukaryotes have two or more chromosomes‚ prokaryotes such as bacteria possess a single chromosome composed of double-stranded DNA in a loop. DNA is located in the nucleoid of the cell and is not associated with protein A plasmid is an extra-chromosomal DNA molecule separate from the chromosomal DNA which is capable of replicating independently of the chromosomal DNA. Plasmids usually occur naturally in bacteria. A chromosome
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the role of covalent bonds and hydrogen bonds in the structure of DNA. The role of covalent and hydrogen are as follows. hydrogen bonds‚ being easy to break‚ allow the DNA to break so that copies can be made. Whereas covalent bonds keep the sugar and phosphate together‚ which allows proper placement and structure. 3. Relate the role of the base pairing rules to the structure of DNA. The bases in a strand of DNA relate to the base pairing rule due to the combination of GC
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Utopia or Dystopia DNA PROFILING What is this? DNA profiling (also called DNA testing‚ DNA typing‚ or genetic fingerprinting) is a technique that is used to assist in the identification of individuals by their respective DNA profiles. DNA profiles are encrypted sets of letters that reflect a person ’s DNA makeup‚ which can also be used as the person ’s identifier. DNA profiling should not be confused with full genome sequencing. DNA profiling is used in‚ for example‚ parental testing and criminal
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what they are. It is DNA. It is one of the greatest biological discoveries in the history of mankind. It is not only related to biology but is tied to the study of chemistry as well because of the convoluted molecular structure. DNA is short for the molecule deoxyribonucleic acid. RNA or ribonucleic acid is another nucleic acid derived from DNA and used as a template to make proteins‚ the product of the genetic code. In an article‚ “What is DNA?” written by James Randerson‚ DNA is described as‚ “.
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