DNA DNA‚ or Deoxyribonucleic Acid‚ is described‚ in Encarta Encyclopedia as a genetic material of all cellular organisms and most viruses. DNA carries the information needed to direct protein synthesis and replication. Protein synthesis is the production of the proteins needed by the cell or virus for its activities and development. Replication is the process by which DNA copies itself for each descendant cell or virus‚ passing on the information needed for protein synthesis. In most cellular
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Extraction of Caffeine from Tea leaves Casinabe‚ Antonio Karlo‚*Catahay‚ Jesus Alfonso‚ Cerdena‚ O’neil‚ Cordova‚ Robelle Department of Biological Sciences‚ College of Science University of Santo Tomas‚ España Street‚ Manila 108 Group 4 2MB Date Submitted: December 13‚ 2012 ------------------------------------------------- ABSTRACT: The purpose of this experiment is to extract the amount of caffeine present in tea bags. In this experiment‚ isolation‚ characterization and purification
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Distillation Introduction: The recrystallization technique you learned last lab is a method for purifying solids. This week we will learn how to perform a distillation‚ a method for purifying liquids. Distillation is a common wet-chemical technique for separating organic compounds based on differences in boiling points. Upon heating a mixture of organic compounds‚ the more volatile compounds (those with the lowest boiling point) will vaporize first (i.e. be converted to gases)‚ leaving the higher-boiling
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1.0 TITLE Extraction of Phenol and Flavanoid compound of the edible brown seaweed species (Eucheuma Cottonii). 2.0 INTRODUCTION 2.1 An overview of Seaweed Macro-algae or “seaweeds” are multicellular plants growing in salt or fresh water. They belong to the lower plants‚ meaning that they do not have roots‚ stems and leaves. Instead they are composed of a thallus (leaf-like) and sometimes a stem and a foot (holdfast). Some species have gas-filled structures to provide buoyancy. They are often
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Discussion: Extraction and crystallization- The purpose of this lab was to extract and crystallize compounds in a mixture using acids and bases. 1 gram of the unknown was dissolved into 30 mL of ethyl acetate. The mixture was then transferred to a separatory funnel. Using aqueous solutions of different pH we were able to separate organic acids‚ bases and neutral compounds from each other. Using three 10 mL portions of HCl‚ we reacted the HCl with the base in solution. This made it possible to
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Objective: To extract caffeine from tea powder using polar - nonpolar solvent extraction technique. Theory: The technique used to separate an organic compound from a mixture of compounds is called Extraction. Extraction process selectively dissolves one or more of the mixture compounds into a suitable solvent. The solution of these dissolved compounds is referred to as the Extract. Here the organic solvent dichloromethane is used to extract caffeine from an aqueous extract of tea leaves
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1 Measuring the Success of Pisum sativum leaf cell fractionation: SDS-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis and Western Blot Analysis Introduction In order to evaluate the success of cellular fractionation‚ there are various methods that can be implemented that target specific proteins and/or receptors specific to particular organelles. SDS-PAGE (sodium dedocyl sulfate- polyachrylamide gel electrophoresis) is a technique used to separate proteins based on their mass. As different proteins vary
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 AIM: To perform isolation of the genomic DNA from the bacterial cell. REQUIREMENTS: Biological: Bacterial culture (DH5α) Chemical: Solution 1 - 10ml • Glucose (50mM) - 500μl • Tris-Cl (pH 8.0‚ 25mM) - 250μl • EDTA (pH 8.0‚ 10mM) - 200μ Solution 2 • SDS (1%) Phenol: chloroform: isoamylalcohol (25:24:1)‚ Absolute ethanol‚ 70% ethanol‚ Sterile distilled water Apparatus: Micropipettes‚ conical flask‚ measuring
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Name: Leung Chun Wai Student no.: G20554292 Topic: (NT3048) Smoke extraction design for large space such as atrium 1. INTRODUCTION Atrium inside a building is an old architectural concept for about two thousand years. This concept has been developed and extended to modern buildings. Current trend of atrium design provides an ‘ideal’ external environment to the occupants with a large undivided space. The major problem for fires in atrium is hot and toxic gases accumulating and go down in the atrium
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terms (excluding inflation) sales will slip very slightly. Q: Which segments have most potential for growth? A: There is a clear divide between two promising segments – liquid soaps and shower gels – and two less buoyant ones – bar soaps and bath additives. Mintel expects liquid soap and shower gel
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