Lab manual/results/online article condensed notes Lab 1 · DNA is made up of deoxyribonucelotides · Components of DNA/RNA includes a 5 carbon sugar‚ a phosphate group‚ and a nitrogenous base · the negative charge associated with DNA/RNA is due to the phosphate groups · DNA is linked together by phosphodiester bonds (they are covalent bonds) · the energy required to create these bonds is from the cleavage of pyrophosphate‚ refer to figure 1.3 on page 4 and below. ·
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double stranded DNA ¡VdsDNA). The DNA of the phage contains around 50‚000 base pairs and codes for 50 proteins. At both ends of the DNA of the phage‚ there are cohesive ends‚ which are composed of 12 nucleotides. Both ends compliment each other‚ which makes the DNA circular once together. This circular DNA is usually present in an infected bacterial cell. This protects the DNA to be degraded by the cell. In this laboratory experiment‚ restriction enzymes were used to analyze the DNA of the lambda
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******************************************************************************************** Answer Sheet—Module 7 Lab DNA Extraction Click on the following link and view the DNA extraction: http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/labs/extraction/ 1. What is the source of the cells used in this demonstration? A human. 2. Give three practical uses of DNA that is extracted: a. Genetic testing b. Body Identification c. Forensic analysis 3. Name the piece of equipment
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Hershey and Chase Experiment In 1953‚ Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase confirmed DNA’s preeminent role in genetics by demonstrating that DNA is the genetic material of a virus called phage T2. The phage‚ which infects E. coli‚ consists of a head‚ sheath‚ tail‚ and base plate made of different proteins. DNA is packaged within the head of the virus. When T2 comes in contact with E. coli‚ the phage attaches to the bacterium by its tail. Next‚ the phage injects genetic material into the cell. The genetic
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Main topics on midterm labs 1-9 lectures 1-9 Operon; bacterial promoter; Rbs; DNA polymerase vs RNA polymerase function (lec #1) - Transcription is carried by RNA polymerase that RNA polymerase recognizes to a specific sequence (the promoter) and start making mRNA next to that position. - Usually‚ typical bacterial promoter carries tow consensus sequences (the sequence that all the organism shares) TTGACA at position of -35. TATAAT at -10. - As mRNA is being transcribed
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Lab Report (Scientific Paper) 2: Bacterial Transformation;DNA Extraction Part I & II:Total Genomic Extraction & Plasmid Extraction;Electrophoresis By:Chris Foster Abstract: We conducted three experiments that included a Bacterial Transformation‚ a two process DNA extraction‚ and a final procedure using gel electrophoresis. The Bacterial Transformation lab was performed to prepare the plasmid into a bacteria and to use that bacteria to amplify the plasmid in order to make large quantities
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nucleotides) 4. In prokaryotes‚ DNA molecules are located in the c. cytoplasm (no nucleus) 5. The diagram below shows the process of DNA a. Replication 6. The main enzyme involved in linking individual nucleotides into DNA molecules is d. DNA polymerase 7. The process by which the genetic code of DNA is copied into a strand of RNA is called b. transcription 8. In messenger RNA‚ each codon specifies a particular c. amino acid 9. Changes in the DNA sequence that affect genetic information
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Figure 20.1 1) Which enzyme was used to produce the molecule in Figure 20.1? A) ligase B) transcriptase C) a restriction enzyme D) RNA polymerase E) DNA polymerase Answer: C Topic: Concept 20.1 Skill: Application/Analysis 2) Assume that you are trying to insert a gene into a plasmid. Someone gives you a preparation of genomic DNA that has been cut with restriction enzyme X. The gene you wish to insert has sites on both ends for cutting by restriction enzyme Y. You have a plasmid with
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Epigenetics: interaction of DNA methylation and chromatin Epigenetics is a field where advances are being made daily. Epigenetics is defined as “heritable changes in gene expression that occur without a change in DNA sequence‚” as stated by Dr. Alan Wolffe. A way in which we can understand this definition is by taking the analogy of a card game. The cards‚ the DNA sequence‚ have been dealt and will not change‚ however we need to understand how to play the cards‚ the rules‚ which is epigenetics
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Discuss the chain of events that led to the discovery of DNA as the heritable substance and the discovery of the structure of DNA. Ans> The chain of events led to the discovery of DNA as the heritable substance and the discovery of the structure of DNA. In the late nineteenth century‚ a German biochemist Friedrich Miescher found the nucleic acids which are long-chain polymers of nucleotides‚ and are made up of sugar‚ phosphoric acid‚ and several nitrogen-containing bases. Later it was found
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