complementary DNA strand. Dna acts as a template because each strand becomes a daughter strand by pairing the bases. Replication happens when the helicase attaches and breaks apart the hydrogen bonds that are between the DNA strands. In the DNA polymerase‚ the enzymes copy DNA sequences by using one strand as a template. The addition of deoxyribonucleotides are caused by the reaction that happens in the DNA polymerase. The DNA polymerase needs a primer that will help with the template process. DNA is the
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(first gap)‚ S (synthesis of DNA)‚ and G2 (second gap). In all 3 sub phases cell growth happens and organelles like mitochondria are replicated. DNA‚ however‚ is only synthesized during the S phase. DNA replication is started by Helicase which unwinds the double helix at replication forks. Topoisomerase is used to loosen the tension at the ends of the bubble‚ in order to correct for over winding ahead of the replication forks. Primase then synthesizes an RNA primer which the DNA polymerase III will use
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Characteristics of DNA: 1) Consists of 4 bases (GCAT) 2) Double helix 3) The bases are joined by h-bonds 4) The outside of DNA consists of sugar-phosphate bonds 5) The DNA is surrounded by protein 6) Consists of two types of bases: 1. Purines A.G 2. Pyramidines C.T 2. Everything Involved with Replications: DNA Organization: * How does DNA replicate? 3 choices were thought of: Mechanics of DNA Replication: Leading Chain: 1) DNA Primase – an enzyme
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macromolecules that compose all life? BellworkIf your DNA is 23.5 % adenine. How much Guanine is there? Chapter 12- DNA Structure and Replication The Recipe Book Nucleic Acids- Function Nucleic acids function is storing‚ copying‚ and transmitting instructions for making proteins. DNA and RNA are nucleic acids!!! Monomer of Nucleic Acids- Nucleotides Think of DNA as a recipe book What is DNA and how does it work? DNA Storage DNA stores instructions for making proteins The total human
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p IB DIPLOMA PROGRAMME PROGRAMME DU DIPLÔME DU BI PROGRAMA DEL DIPLOMA DEL BI Biology Higher level and standard level Specimen paper 1s‚ 2s and 3s For first examinations in 2009 http://www.xtremepapers.net CONTENTS Biology higher level paper 1 specimen paper Biology higher level paper 1 specimen markscheme Biology higher level paper 2 specimen paper Biology higher level paper 2 specimen markscheme Biology higher level paper 3 specimen paper Biology higher level paper 3 specimen markscheme
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by hydrogen bonds they are molecules. (Hold DNA together) DNA Replication Said to be semiconservative In bacteria DNA replication proceeds simultaneously in both directions‚ away from the origin of replication. DNA is the template or genetic material of the cell‚ the info for building proteins and RNA is located in the DNA. The sequence of DNA that contains the info for a single protein or RNA is called a GENE. • Purpose – to replicate dna in preparation for cell divison and to provide
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Major concepts to review for Exam 1: 1.) know the elements of life – and how the reduction and oxidative of some of these drive bioenergetics 2.) Know the general time line for biology and evolution on the Earth; What major events altered evolution especially in terms of microbially driven changes 3.) Carl Woese – what did he contribute? What kind of biological molecules are best to generate phylogenetic trees‚ and why? How does this compare to enzymes? 4.) What defines a species (formal definitions)
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the science and techniques used to identify different types of bacteria based on their DNA sequences. Background Information: The process begins with preparing a sample. Successful identification starts with using a sample that is considered to be good. The first step is to pick up a single colony and drop it into a microcentrifuge tube. A buffer is used to dissolve the cell wall in order to extract bacterial DNA. This step may take several hours. The proteolytic enzymes need to go before proceeding
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Chem Final Exam Sample 1 Question 1 of 36 0.0/ 0.0 Points The n = ________ principal shell is the lowest that may contain a d-subshell. A. 4 B. 1 C. 3 D. 2 E. not enough information Question 2 of 36 4.0/ 4.0 Points Which of the following elements has the highest ionization energy? A. Ca B. Al C. Cl D. Ne E. Ba Question 3 of 36 4.0/ 4.0 Points The principal quantum number (n): A. specifies the principal shell of the orbital. B
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validity and ecological validity‚ both are essential in determining the strength within an experimental design. There are four different types of replications. 1. Exact replications; repeating a previous research design as exactly as possible. (Stangor‚ 2011) Ex: A researcher designs a study on kindergarten behavior the first day of school. Another researcher performs the same design experiment at another
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