WHAT IS RECOMBINANT DNA So what is rDNA? It stands for Recombinant DNA. Before we get to the “r” part we need to understand DNA. DNA is the keeper of all the information needed to recreate an organism. All DNA is made up of a base consisting of sugar‚ phosphate and one nitrogen base. There are four nitrogen bases‚ adenine (A)‚ thymine (T)‚ guanine (G)‚ and cytosine (C).The nitrogen bases are found in pairs‚ with A & T and G & C paired together. The sequence of the nitrogen bases can be
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DNA Replication Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) contains the genetic instructions for the biological development of a cellular form of life including some viruses. DNA is an antiparallel double helix molecule with sugar-phosphate backbone on the outer side and nitrogen bases in the inner side. The bases are paired specifically‚ also known as complementary pairing‚ Adenine (A) with Thymine (T)‚ and Guanine (G) with Cytosine (C) by two and three hydrogen bonds‚ respectively. DNA is a long polymer
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process by which DNA turns into polypeptides is a complicated and long. Two main steps in changing the DNA into a polypeptide are transcription and translation‚ with transcription coming first. The process first starts in the nucleus of the cell. The DNA begins to unfold with the help of a helicase. During the transcription phase of the change‚ strands of DNA begin to unwind and the complementary mRNA is made or transcribed. The way they do this is by using the common pairs of DNA triplet bases (A-T
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The Advantages of DNA Replication DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic acid‚ and it is found in the nucleus of every cell in the human body. DNA is the master plan - it contains all the genetic information needed for a living thing to develop and function. Each and every single organism has a unique and different DNA encoding. DNA’s purpose is to store all of our genetic information similar to the way a builders blue print sets out the design of a house. Without DNA there would be no such thing as
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DNA REPLICATION WHAT IS DNA? DNA is a molecule that has a repeating chain of identical five-carbon sugars (polymers) linked together from head to tail. It is composed of four ring shaped organic bases (nucleotides) which are Adenine (A)‚ Guanine (G)‚ Cytosine (C) and Thymine (T). It has a double helix shape and contains the sugar component deoxyribose. THE PROCESS OF DNA REPLICATION How DNA replicates is quite a simple process. First‚ a DNA molecule is "unzipped". In other words‚ it
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DNA is the common name for Deoxyribonucleic acid. This is made up of nucleic acids containing deoxyribose (sugar)‚ consisting of complex molecules‚ present in the chromosomes of all plant and animal cells‚ and carrying in coded form instructions for passing on hereditary characteristics. The DNA molecule takes the shape of a double helix‚ a simple structure that resembles gently twisted ladders. The rails of the ladder are made of pairs of nitrogen-containing nucleotides‚ which are subdivisions
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MOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF DNA AND RNA •Adapted from Chapter 9 in Genetics: Analysis and Principles (Robert J. Brooker) Copyright ©The McGraw-Hill Companies‚ Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display IDENTIFICATION OF DNA AS THE GENETIC MATERIAL • To fulfill its role‚ the genetic material must meet several criteria – 1. Information: It must contain the information necessary to make an entire organism – 2. Transmission: It must be passed from parent to offspring – 3. Replication:
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DNA – RNA Notes The sugar in DNA is called deoxyribose. The sugar in RNA is called ribose. -RNA is a single strand of nucleotides. DNA is made of two strands of nucleotides. -DNA is a double helix with hydrogen bonds linking the nitrogen bases. RNA is a linear strand with no hydrogen bonds. -The bases of DNA are: Adenine‚ Thymine‚ Cytosine‚ and Guanine. The bases of RNA are: Adenine‚ Uracil‚ Cytosine‚ and Guanine. -RNA does not have Thymine‚ and DNA does not have Uracil. -In DNA
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plasmid DNA and analysis of isolated plasmid Introduction: A plasmid is an autonomously replicating extra-chromosomal genetic element. In other words‚ this is a DNA molecule external to the bacterial chromosome that is able to replicate on its own and distribute its daughter molecules to daughter cells. You have successfully cloned a fragment of chromosomal DNA containing a tetracycline resistance cassette into a plasmid (pET11a). To this end you have (1) isolated total chromosomal DNA from your
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D. DNA Name the four bases in DNA and describe the structure of DNA using the following terms: The four bases of DNA are adenine‚ thymine‚ guanine‚ and cytosine. nucleotide (sugar‚ phosphate‚ base) Sugar: pentose deoxyribose; phosphate: phosporic acid‚ nitrogen base (A‚ T‚ G‚ C) complementary base pairing A-T; G-C joined by hydrogen bonds. Purines (with double ring) always bond with a pyrimidine (single ring). double helix Double spiral; three dimensional hydrogen bonding Hydrogen
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