metabolized in the body! Digestion is the chemical breakdown of food molecules into smaller molecules that can be used by various cells within the body. The breakdown is initiated when food is ingested in the mouth and specific enzymes are exposed to components within the food molecules. Digestion begins in the mouth with mastication‚ or chewing‚ performed by the teeth. The purpose of chewing is to grant the food more exposure to enzymes‚ therefore allowing chemical digestion to occur faster. The presence
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__________________________________ AP Biology LAB 2. ENZYME CATALYSIS ESSAY 2000 The effects of pH and temperature were studied for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The following results were obtained. a. How do (1) temperature and (2) pH affect the activity of this enzyme? In your answer‚ include a discussion of the relationship between the structure and the function of this enzyme‚ as well as a discussion of how structure and function of enzymes are affected by temperature and pH. b. Describe
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Week 7 Digestion Lecture Study Guide Based on information found in the lecture folder or other sources‚ answer the following questions. 1. What is digestion? Digestion is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into usable molecules 2. List some other names of the digestive tract. Alimentary Canal (GI Tract) 3. Explain where and how the mechanical breakdown of food occurs. Teeth begin digestion mechanically‚ Chewing (“mastication”) breaks apart food‚ 2 sets
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Enzymes (pron.: /ˈɛnzaɪmz/) are large biological molecules responsible for the thousands of chemical interconversions that sustain life.[1][2] They are highly selective catalysts‚ greatly accelerating both the rate and specificity of metabolic reactions‚ from the digestion of food to the synthesis of DNA. Most enzymes are proteins‚ although some catalytic RNA molecules have been identified. Enzymes adopt a specific three-dimensional structure‚ and may employ organic (e.g. biotin) and inorganic (e
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The Process of Digestion Over the course of time there have been many difficult questions and theories about everyday life. Using physiology & chemistry‚ those questions have been able to be answered. From the mixture of gases in the air we breathe to the organic substance of plastic or paper‚ chemistry can be seen everywhere. However‚ most people mistook the power of chemistry in our own bodies. How is it that a simple slice of bread‚ once consumed‚ can turn into fuel for the human body
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Recombinant DNA Report Our final annotated gel image sums up the successful experiments we performed over the course of 8 weeks. The image will be referred to throughout the report: Lane 1: 10 µL of ladder. Lane 2: 20 µL of a pAMP- EcoRI/HindIII double digestion. Within the double digestion‚ one can find 8 µL of pAMP‚ 1 µL of the EcoRI enzyme‚ 1 µL of the HindIII enzyme‚ 5 µL of 10x Buffer 2.1‚ and 35 µL of water. A total volume of 50 µL was present
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Carbohydrate Digestion • Tube 1 Digestion Lab – 3 ml water • Tube 2 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase • Tube 3 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase + 10 drops of 1.0M HCl • Tube 4 1 2 4 3 – 3 ml 0.2% amylase – place in hot water bath for 5 min Experiment #1: Carbohydrate Digestion • Add 5.0 ml starch solution to each tube • Incubate in 37°C bath for 1.5 hr • Divide contents of each tube evenly into 2 tubes – Lugol’s Test – Benedict’s Test Experiment #1: Carbohydrate Digestion • Lugol’s
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Digestion Self-design Practical: The effect of pH on enzyme activity Rationale Amylase is an enzyme involved in the digestion system which catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars. It is not only present in human saliva but also in the pancreas‚ where it hydrolyses dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides which are converted by other enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy. pH has an effect on the activity of all enzymes‚ including amylase. As the pH level increases
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DNA is the key for our genetic apperance. DNA is a double stranded and is formed by blocks of nucleotides. Nucleotides each consist of three parts. A phosphate‚ a pentose sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base. The nitrogenous bases carry the information for proteins which are needed in our body to function properly. Proteins are made according to the nitrogenous bases. When DNA replicates‚ it’s extremely important that it is copied exactly. If it’s not the protein which is produced according
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EXPERIMENT NO. 12 DIGESTION IN THE STOMACH ABSTRACT____________________________________________________________________________ Digestion refers to the mechanical and chemical breakdown of food into smaller components that can undergo absorption. The objective of this experiment is to investigate mainly the process of digestion in the stomach. The conditions at which the enzymes responsible for the digestion process were determined. Also‚ the total and free acidity of gastric juice of the sample
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