Introduction (Preface) No one can argue that an economic crisis itself is such a complex and difficult phenomenon. So many economists and politicians think of the ways of avoiding or exiting a crisis in such a way that brings minimum distortion and future negative consequences. When the European Union was created‚ everyone supported the idea of free movements of goods‚ services‚ capital and workforce‚ but it seems that there was less thought of how to deal with economic crises and with the less
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The collapse of the USSR was caused by internal problems and had nothing to do with the cold war. Assess this view. The collapse of the USSR refers to the process of a gradual loss of legitimacy and appeal of the communist ideology and the CPSU since 1985 culminating in the disintegration of the USSR Empire from 1989 and the eventual dissolution of the USSR in December 1991. While “internal problems” refer to the inefficiencies of the Soviet command economy which stemmed from poor resource allocation
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Dividend policy Dividend policy is concerned with taking a decision regarding paying cash dividend in the present or paying an increased dividend at a later stage. The firm could also pay in the form of stock dividends which unlike cash dividends do not provide liquidity to the investors‚ however‚ it ensures capital gains to the stockholders. The expectations of dividends by shareholders helps them determine the share value‚ therefore‚ dividend policy is a significant decision taken by the financial
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cash. The purpose of an optimal dividend policy should be to maximize shareholders’ wealth. This depends on both current dividends and capital gains. Capital gains can be achieved by retaining risome earnings for reinvestment and dividend growth in the future. INTRODUCION Dividend represents a share profit distributed to shareholders of a corporation‚ according to a certain payout ratio or more precisely according to certain dividend policy. Prudent companies save their cash until opportunities
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States grew increasingly isolationistic in its policies. Even though the United States emerged from the war as one of the victors‚ the American people were greatly dispirited by the devastation. Many hoped to return to the peaceful decade before the war. Isolationism‚ according to the people at that time‚ seemed to be the only way to avoid foreign entanglements that would lead to another war. With the American mind set on isolationism‚ the government enacted laws to restrict foreigners from entering
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Summary on the Impact of fiscal and monetary policy on business organizations and their activities. Fiscal policy Government influence the economy by changing the level and types of taxes‚ the extent and composition of spending‚ and degree and form of borrowing. Lower taxes mean more disposable income for consumers and more cash for businesses to invest in jobs and equipment. Stimulus-spending programs‚ which are short-term in nature and often involve infrastructure projects‚ can also help drive
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DOMESTIC POLICIES Economy President Fidel Ramos embarked on an ambitious development plan dubbed "Philippines 2000." Under the plan‚ several industries critical to economic development were privatized‚ such as electricity‚ telecommunications‚ banking‚ domestic shipping‚ and oil. The taxation system was reformed‚ and external debt was brought to more manageable levels by debt restructuring and sensible fiscal management. By 1996‚ GNP was growing at a rate of 7.2 percent and GDP at 5.2 percent
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The goals of IMF are: The IMF was founded more than 60 years ago toward the end of World War II. The founders aimed to build a framework for economic cooperation that would avoid a repetition of the disastrous economic policies that had contributed to the Great Depression of the 1930s and the global conflict that followed. Since then the world has changed dramatically‚ bringing extensive prosperity and lifting millions out of poverty‚ especially in Asia. In many ways the IMF’s main purpose—to
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<li>Policy that uses taxation and government spending to steer the economy. <br> <br>Fiscal policy describes two governmental actions by the government. The first is taxation. By levying taxes the government receives revenue from the populace. Taxes come in many varieties and serve different specific purposes‚ but the key concept is that taxation is a transfer of assets from the people to the government. The second action is government spending. This may take the form of wages to government employees
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international investment revolve in many ways around what governments may do. This means both what governments may do to regulate foreign investment‚ perhaps to make it less volatile‚ as well as actions government may take simply to get out of the way of the market‚ clearing the existing barriers to capital. Every government has got some aims to maintain the rate of GDP ( gross domestic product) that having a stable economy. Here are some common aims of government which everyone country has to take care of :
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