Describe and discuss biological explanations for schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is a long term mental health condition‚ which is very complex. There are many explanations as to why an individual would have this illness‚ one of them being the biological explanation. The biological explanation mainly suggests genes are responsible for the diagnosis of schizophrenia‚ as they pass on the illness. The greater the similarity genetically the higher the risk of developing schizophrenia. Due to this reason
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Neurotransmitters Dr. C. George Boeree Neurotransmitters are the chemicals which allow the transmission of signals from one neuron to the next across synapses. They are also found at the axon endings of motor neurons‚ where they stimulate the muscle fibers. And they and their close relatives are produced by some glands such as the pituitary and the adrenal glands. In this chapter‚ we will review some of the most significant neurotransmitters. Acetylcholine Acetylcholine was the first neurotransmitter
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functional anatomy and physiology make it possible to hypothesize how specific neural mechanisms relate to manifestations of TS. Recent studies have shown a model of selection and suppression of competing behaviours by the basal ganglia circuits and on dopamine modulation of these circuits to provide the basis for basal ganglia dysfunction in TS. The basal ganglion consists of the striatum‚ subthalamic nucleus‚ globus pallidus and substantia nigra and consists of several interconnected nuclei in the forebrain
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The substancia nigra is composed of neuromelanin which pigments the substancia nigra and gives it its darker characteristic. The neuromelanin also connects to the motor cortex which is responsible for one’s motor control and balance. The chemical dopamine is created in the substantia nigra. The basil ganglia receives inputs from the motor cortex‚ the association cortex‚ and the substancia nigra. The basil ganglia then sends messages to the motor cortex by way of the thalamus. With Parkinson’s disease
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Dopamine is extremely important. It is known that some drugs are addictive as a cause of their release of it. What dopamine does is very broad. It controls movement‚ the process of learning‚ paying attention‚ and it controls the reward system in the body. Too much dopamine is linked to conditions like schizophrenia‚ while too little of it is linked to Parkinson’s disease. Serotonin is
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different complications. Doctors do not completely know what causes this disorder. Researchers have theories that it is caused by certain neural chemicals that are impaired and links have been found to abnormal regulation of the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate. Even though there is no specific known cause‚ there are risk factors that can increase the chances of being diagnosed with schizophrenia. The main risk factor is genetics. Other risk factors are environmental factors such as excessive
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Skye Thomas Jeffrey Larsen English 101 13 December 2012 Illicit Drugs: Effects One and All The world is full of addiction. “Addiction is when you can give up something at any time‚ as long as it’s next Tuesday.” (Sixx) This seems reasonable to many individuals‚ and some have a tendency to get involved with LSD (Acid‚ Purple Haze‚ Trip‚ One Way)‚ Heroin (Smack‚ Brown Sugar‚ Black Pearl‚ Scat)‚ MDMA (Ecstasy‚ Tic Tac Candy
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methadone does for heroin. Much research points to effects of the neurotransmitter dopamine as a key to addiction. The brain chemical involved in motivation‚ pleasure‚ and learning‚ dopamine helps us feel alert and excited about life. For people who don’t derive satisfaction or find joy in everyday life‚ theorists say that flooding the brain with dopamine provides the “fix” that they don’t normally get. But the excess of dopamine eventually inhibits the function of other stimulating parts of the brain‚ increasing
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essay called essay was called "An Essay on the Shaking Palsy” that strongly encouraged people to study the disease. In the 1960s‚ researchers discovered that low dopamine levels were linked to Parkinson’s disease‚ leading to the first effective treatment of the disease. Etiology: When about 60-80 percent of the neurons that make dopamine‚ a chemical that regulates the body’s movements and emotions‚ shut down‚ the symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease begin to appear. Symptoms: • Shaking limbs • Slowness
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disease is the most common movement ailment and the second most common neurodegenerative disorder‚ the most common being Alzheimer’s disease. It fits into a group of conditions called motor system disorders‚ which are the consequence of the loss of dopamine-producing brain cells. Causes You have some brain cells that control smooth and organized
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