uncontrollable tremor and have a difficult time maintaining posture. One of the causes for this disease is the damage to the neurons in either the substantia nigra or other brainstem nuclei. These are some of the few neurons that produce the neurotransmitter‚ dopamine‚ and when they are destroyed‚ this disease will likely occur. There are currently a few available treatments‚ for example‚ levodopa and carbidopa. Treatments such as these help
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Good afternoon‚ my name is Saeed Graham and today I’ll be presenting on the topic of the use of animals in medical research. An article will be disputed in an attempt to convince you that animals SHOULD be used in medical research. Kelly Overton posits the article “Stop Animal Testing – It’s not just cruel‚ it’s ineffective” in the Baltimore Sun. As is evident from the title of the writing‚ Mr. Overton is of the opinion that the use of animals for medical testing be desisted on the basis of its ineffectiveness
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papers suggested that antihypertensive drugs can be used to effectively manage ADHD symptoms‚ particularly hyperactive behavior and violent tendencies. It was found that anti-hypertensive drugs clonidine and guanfacine can improve the brain’s use of dopamine and inhibit the production of too much norepinephrine. Clonidine was also discovered to be better than stimulants at reducing hyperactivity‚ impulsivity‚ and mood swings. But are these ADHD medications necessarily safer than stimulant drugs? There
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brain through the synthesis of a neurotransmitter called GABA; some of the greatest concentrations of GHB are found in the substantia Ingra‚ thalamus and hypothalamus.”(Tunnicliff‚ and Toxicol 581-590) GHB can reduce dopamine activity‚ especially in the basal ganglia. The release of dopamine from synaptic terminal is probably the result of the inhibition of synaptic terminals.(Tunnicliffy‚ and Toxiol 581-590) Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate was once legal and sold in the United States Food and Drug Administration
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Dobutamine‚ a synthetic catecholamine bearing chemical structural resemblance to dopamine‚ is a beta-adrenoceptor agonist. It has remained the drug of choice in management of acute heart failure patients with systolic dysfunction. Mechanism of action: Clinically available preparations of dobutamine are a racemic mixture of (+) and (–) isomers and have complex pharmacological effects. While both isomers are full agonists at β1 and β2 receptors their effects on alpha receptors are contrasting. The
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Throughout the school day‚ teens constantly feel stressed. The students arrive at home‚ finish their homework and immediately get on their phone or computer and play games as a way to relax. This impulsive need to play games expresses parents’ concerns that video games are truly addictive. People constantly have concerns about their child or friends’ fixation on video games‚ especially when they can get these games just about anywhere. Video games have a reward system that makes the gamer want to
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adenosine (Joseph Stromberg‚ 2013). Neurons are central nervous system nerve cells‚ essential for transmitting messages all over the body (Kendra Cherry‚ 2006). Neurons speed up instead of slow down‚ producing alertness (I. Yunusa‚ et al. 2011). Dopamine and adrenaline are produced more without regulation‚ increasing happiness and energy limitedly (Brain Marshall‚ et al. 2000). The brain builds caffeine tolerance‚ growing more adenosine receptors to balance both chemical effects: the same high takes
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substance in 1971‚ and became the drug of choice for ADHD in 1981. It is also used in treating narcolepsy. It is thought to activate the brain stem arousal system and cortex‚ and‚ like cocaine‚ works on the neurotransmitter dopamine. It appears to increase the levels of dopamine in the frontal lobe where attention and impulsive actions are regulated. When taken in its intended form under a doctor’s prescritption‚ it has moderate stimulant properties. There has been a great deal of concern about
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The Soothing Sensation That is Bath Salts Introduction “Oh yeah‚ me and my girlfriend have a big bag of lavender bath salts sitting at home‚” was the initial reaction when I asked a fellow engineer to portray as a testimonial for our borderline inappropriate bath salts infomercial. Contrary to popular belief‚ this new synthetic drug is far away from producing any effects that are similar to that of a relaxing bath. Until recently‚ bath salts were popularized to be a “legal high.” In order to tip
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Sweet‚ Sugary Addiction Can people be addicted to sugar? People are constantly consuming sugar every day because it is almost everywhere in everything. Coffee‚ soda‚ candy‚ cake‚ and other sweets are all beloved treats enjoyed by the masses. Without sugar‚ life would not be so sweet‚ literally. Since everyone eats these mouthwatering goodies‚ it seems harmless‚ right? However‚ that is not the case. There are many downsides to sugar‚ especially when eaten regularly in high quantities. Furthermore
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