If it decreases the temp (i.e. absorbs heat) then it’s endothermic. Also‚ the yield of an equilibrium reaction which is exothermic will be increased if it occurs at low temps‚ and so for endothermic reactions at high temperatures. 6.1.2 Exothermic : A reaction which produces heat. Endothermic : A reaction which absorbs heat. Enthalpy of reaction : The change in internal energy (H) through a reaction is △H. 6.1.3 △H will be negative for exothermic reactions (because internal heat is being lost)
Free Thermodynamics Enthalpy Temperature
2125 – Organic Chemistry Lab I and II GUIDELINES FOR WRITING LAB REPORTS INTRODUCTION Writing reports in organic chemistry lab may differ from the way it’s done in general chemistry. One goal of this course is to introduce you to the record keeping methods used in research labs. Such methods are designed to organize experimental data in a format similar to that required for publication in major scientific journals. Here are some important considerations that apply in research settings. 1. Your work
Premium Chemistry
CONTENTS Introduction of bonds……………………………………………..01 Characteristics of Bonds…………………………………………01 Types of Bonds…………………………………………………… 06 Bonds Market……………………………………………………… 08 Introduction of Pakistan bond market……………...................08 How Bonds Trade……………………………………………….….09 Bond Price Variations……………………………………………..09 Bond valuation…………………………………………..................09 Types of bonds trade in Pakistan……………………………….10 Government Debt Securities……………………………………..10 Characteristics of MTBs and PIBs………………………………12
Premium Bond Bonds
OF ENZYMES IN ORGANIC CHEMISTRY Why enzymes in organic synthesis? | Alternative to chemical methods: * High region- and stereoselectivity * Milder reaction conditions * Environmentally more friendly | Which enzyme(s)? | OxidoreductasesHydrolasesLyasesIsomerases | Which reaction system? | AqueousAqueous and water-miscible organic solventAqueous and water-immiscible organic solventPure organic solventOther solvents (supercritical fluids‚ ionic liquids) | Which ‘chemistry’ | (dynamic) kinetic
Premium Enzyme Amino acid Organic chemistry
Chemistry 2: Organic and Inorganic Chemistry Activity 1 PROPERTIES OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (Sugar) Rainbow Density Column Introduction As a chemical term‚ “sugar” usually refers to all carbohydrates of the general formula Cn(H 2O)n‚ an organic compound. This exercise is focus on sugar as an organic compound and its properties. Objectives: 1. To identify the properties of organic compound - sugar. 2. To observe some physical properties and changes on an organic compound during the actual conduct of
Premium Chemistry Carbohydrate Oxygen
OF SCIENCE (HONS) BIOTECHNOLOGY YEAR 1 SEMESTER 1‚ 2 & 3 UDBB 1164 FUNDAMENTAL ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 0 EXPERIMENT 1 PROPERTIES OF HYDROCARBONS Introduction Hydrocarbons are compounds which contain only carbon and hydrogen‚ can be classified into several types‚ depending on their structure. Aliphatic hydrocarbons are divided into three classes: alkanes (e.g. methane‚ ethane and propane) have only single bonds‚ and are said to be saturated; alkenes (e.g. ethene and propene) and alkynes
Premium Alcohol Ethanol
pH In chemistry‚ pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution. Solutions with a pH less than 7 are said to be acidic and solutions with a pH greater than 7 are basic or alkaline. Pure water has a pH very close to 7. pH is defined as the decimal logarithm of the reciprocal of the hydrogen ion activity‚ aH+‚ in a solution. Universal indicator consists of a mixture of indicators such that there is a continuous color change from about pH 2 to pH 10. Universal indicator paper
Premium Water Water pollution
Revision checklist for IGCSE Chemistry 0620 A guide for Students Revision checklist for IGCSE Chemistry 0620 A guide for students How to use this guide The guide describes what you need to know about your IGSCE Chemistry examination. It will help you to plan your revision programme for the theory examinations and will explain what the examiners are looking for in the answers you write. It can also be used to help you to revise by using tick boxes in Section 3‚ ‘What you need to know’‚ to check
Premium Oxygen Sodium chloride Chemistry
5124/3 PAPER 3 (CHEMISTRY) 1hour 15minutes Additional materials: Monday 30th July 2014. Answer paper INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES Write your name‚ centre number and candidate number at the top of this page all separate Attempt all questions in SECTION A and only TWO questions in SECTION B SECTION A (45 marks) Answer all question in this section in the spaces provided Q1 Forensic scientists use paper chromatography to compare the inks from
Premium Chemical element Atomic number Atom
CHEMISTRY 1 (FSC 1114) CHEMICAL BONDING MOKAN A/L VELAN (SCPNG0000019030) SANDEEP SINGH JASPREET SINGH TABLE OF CONTENT Contents IONIC BOND 2 METALLIC BOND 9 The "Sea of Electrons" Theory 14 Conductors‚ Insulators and Semiconductors 16 25 IONIC BOND Ionic bond is formed when electron transferred from a valence shell of an atom to the valence shell of another atom. Ionic bond involves electron transfer across two atoms. The atom which donates the electron is called cation
Premium Ion Atom Electron