http://www.kewpid.com 1. Fossil fuels provide both energy and raw materials such as ethylene‚ for the production of other substances 1) Construct word and balanced chemical equations of chemical reactions as they are encountered • Methane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water • CH4(g) + 2O2(g) CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) 2) Identify the industrial source of ethylene from the cracking of some of the fractions from refining of petroleum Generally‚ demand for petrol exceeds supply produced from fractional distillation
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Chemistry Ozone Depletion Ozone depletion describes two distinct but related phenomena observed since the late 1970s: a steady decline of about 4% per decade in the total volume of ozone in Earth’s stratosphere (the ozone layer)‚ and a much larger springtime decrease in stratospheric ozone over Earth’s polar regions. The latter phenomenon is referred to as theozone hole. In addition to these well-known stratospheric phenomena‚ there are also springtime polartropospheric ozone depletion events. The
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Reactions Contents Introduction 3 Materials & Procedure 4 Raw Data 8 Processed Data 15 Graphs 16 Conclusion & Evaluation 17 Introduction Background Information Stoichiometry is a critical component in chemistry‚ and helps in understanding the quantitative relationship between the number of moles of reactants and products in a reaction. Objective In this experiment‚ the reactions between sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid‚ and sodium hydroxide and
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Abstract By adding HCl to 2-methyl-2-butanol‚ through the Sn1 mechanism‚ 2-chloro-2-methylbutane is formed. Water‚ sodium bicarbonate and NaCl(aq) were then added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane to remove any of the excess water from the reaction. To confirm‚ a successful reaction‚ AgNO3 was added to the 2-chloro-2-methylbutane. A white precipitate formation confirmed a successful Sn1 reaction. Introduction Nucleophilic substitution reactions such as Sn1 and Sn2 allow us to convert one functional
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respectively? (3 marks) (b) Draw a diagram to illustrate the manufacturing system of the industry shown in photo A. (4 marks) (c) Describe and explain the characteristics of these three industries. (i) Photo A (3 marks) (ii) Photo B (3 marks) (iii) Photo C (in tradition) (3 marks) (d) How do personal factors affect the location of industries? (2 marks) ## (a) Photo A: Textile industry; Photo B: Dairy industry; Photo C: Iron and steel industry (b) (c) (i) Textile industry
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Sustainable Chemistry Terry Collins* Chemistry has an important role to play in achieving a sustainable civilization on Earth. The present economy remains utterly dependent on a massive inward flow of natural resources that includes vast amounts of nonrenewables. This is followed by a reverse flow of economically spent matter back to the ecosphere. Chemical sustainability problems are determined largely by these economy-ecosphere materials flows (see the figure‚ below)‚ which current chemistry education
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and its velocity. KE= 1/2mv^2 Heat- is the transfer of energy between two objects. Work- is force acting over a distance Pathway- The way that energy transfer is divided between work and heat and its specific conditions State Function/State Property- refers to a property of a system that depends only on its present state. Constant Volume- Delta E= q + w =q = qv Hess’s Law- in going from a particular set of reactants to a particular set of products‚ the change in enthalpy is the same whether
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| |Unit Title |: |Chemistry for Engineering | |Year/ Semester |: |Year 1/ Trimester 1 | |Lecturer |: |Dr. Loh Han Chern | |Session |: |201101 | |Date |: |9th – 16th March 2010 | Tutorial No. 2 [Part I: Multiple Choice Questions (each question carries 1 mark)]. Q1. Which is the
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Toluene (CH3C6H5) (3ml) - Potassium Permanganate solution (KMnO4) .01 mol L-1 (4ml) - Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) 2mol L-1 (2ml) - Bromine Water (Br2) (5ml) Procedure: Reaction of hydrocarbons with acidified permanganate: 1) Into three separate‚ labeled test tubes place 1 ml of cyclohexane‚ cyclohexene and toluene respectively. 2) In a separate test tube add 4 ml of 0.01mol L-1 KMnO4 to 2 ml of 2mol L-1 H2SO4 3) Add 1 ml of this acidified KMnO4 solution to each of the test tubes containing the
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Chapter 1 Carbon Compounds and Chemical Bonds. (Covered material: 1.1 - 1.8; 1.12 - 1.17) 1. Structural Theory – most fundamental theory of Organic Chemistry (developed independently by A. Kekule‚ A. Couper and A. Butlerov between 1858 and 1861). Organic Compounds – compounds of carbon and hydrogen. Other elements frequently found in organic compounds are: oxygen‚ nitrogen and halogens (F‚ Cl‚ Br‚ I); less frequently found are: sulfur and phosphorus. Review Periodic Table for determining valence
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