Chapter 4 The Chemical Basis of Life Introduction Your body is an elaborate chemical system. Chemical signals between brain less enable your mind to understand what you see. You nourish those cells with chemicals that are obtained from food. Life is all about chemicals and how they interact Concept 4.1 Life requires about 25 chemical elements Elements Humans and other organisms are examples of matter. Matter: Anything that occupies space and has mass. (Physical
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Chapter 6: Chemical Bonds Section 6.1: Ionic Bonding Chemical bond: the force that holds atoms of elements and ions together to become a stable‚ new substance called a compound. -the number of valence electrons determines if an atom will form a chemical bond. -metals tend to give up electrons to other atoms. -nonmetals tend to take electrons from other atoms. -noble gases will not form a chemical bond because these atoms already have a full outer shell of energy. Ionization: the
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Port Stanley the capital city. The Argentine troops obeyed orders not to cause any British casualties‚ in spite of losing members of their units. During the first two days Argentine marines seized the allied island of South Georgia. By late April Argentina had positioned over 10‚000 troops on the Falklands. The vast majority of the troops were under trained and lacked food‚ appropriate clothing‚ supplies‚ and accommodations for the imminent winter. As anticipated‚ the Argentine populace responded positively
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Chemical Reactions and Equations Chemical Reaction: The transformation of chemical substance into another chemical substance is known as Chemical Reaction. For example: rusting of iron‚ setting of milk into curd‚ digestion of food‚ respiration‚ etc. In chemical reaction new substance is formed which is completely different in properties from the original substance‚ so in a chemical reaction chemical change takes place. Following are the signs of chemical reaction: (a) Change of state of substance
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Introduction: A chemical reaction is formed of reactants and products. Reactants react with each other to give one or more product. Sometimes we can visualize observations that are characteristic of the reaction. Like for example a release of a gas (bubbles are formed) or a change of color or also the formation of a precipitate. Materiel needed: Test tubes Rack of test tubes Plastic droppers Beakers Procedure: We prepare 7 beakers of 7 different solutions (that we mark from 1→ 7)
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bonds formed between two ions by the transfer of electrons. The speed at which a chemical reaction proceeds is known as the rate of reaction. The rate of almost every reaction can be increased or decreased due to different factor. Scientists have identified five factors that affect the rate of reaction. The five factors are temperature‚ concentration of the reactants‚ surface area‚ agitation (mixing)‚ and catalyst (chemical helpers). The collision theory states that the rate of a reaction is directly
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Naming Chemical Formulas Chemical Nomenclature There are over 19 million known chemical substances. Without some type of system‚ naming these substances would be hopelessly complicated. The system used in naming substances is called chemical nomenclature. There are two major divisions to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) system: inorganic nomenclature organic nomenclature Organic compounds contain carbon‚ usually in combination with hydrogen‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen
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II. LEARNING OBJECTIVES - To perform different types of chemical reactions including acid-base‚ precipitation‚ gas forming‚ complex compound forming and oxidation-reduction reactions. - To identify some of the products in these reactions and describe the chemical changes. - To write and balance the chemical equations for the reactions observed. III. EQUIPMENT AND REAGENTS 1. EQUIPMENTThirty test tubes One test tube rack Two test tube holders Two spatulas Three 250 mL beakers One stirring rodOne
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Total continuity equation is the principle of the conservation of mass when applied to a dynamic system. The unit of this equation is mass per time. In overall balance‚ only one TCE can be written. CCE is based on component balance. Unlike mass‚ chemical components are not conserved. If reactions occur on a system‚ the number of moles of an individual component will increase if it is a product and will decrease if it is a reactant. The unit of CCE is moles of component per unit time. While EE‚ the
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AND RECOVERY FROM CHEMICAL ADDICTION The Causes & Recovery From Chemical Addiction Dozier‚ Tommy O Argosy University/Atlanta The Causes & Recovery From Chemical Addiction 2 Chemical addiction is the least researched in the medical field. The problem is that chemical addiction is a growing epidemic in urban cities. Chemical addiction has many names‚ but everyone agrees that it is an enormous problem. Chemical addiction can be
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