time it read: "I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the United States of America and to the Republic for which it stands‚ one nation‚ indivisible‚ with liberty and justice for all." In 1954‚ in response to the Communist threat of the times‚ President Eisenhower encouraged Congress to add the words "under God‚" creating the 31-word pledge we say today. Bellamy’s daughter objected to this alteration. Today it reads: "I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America‚ and to the republic for
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Summon a vision of yourself in a crowded setting‚ surrounded by white men‚ women‚ children and seniors. With that image carved‚ draw yourself as a young African American in the 1960s‚ despised by the white man. Though you stick out like a sore thumb‚ eyes glance past you‚ blinded in your midst. An ‘outcast’ has now become your terminal label- segregated‚ judged‚ despised. Does this story sound familiar? Yes‚ it does‚ as millions of books in the 21st century alone‚ have exhibited these themes. While
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Race Relations in the USA 1945-1968 ‘Why did the Freedom Rides and Freedom Marches Take place in the USA in the early 1960’s?’ – 8 marks The Freedom Rides and the Freedom Marches took place in the USA in the early 1960’s for many reasons. During this time‚ segregation was enforced by law and African Americans were heavily oppressed so they were fighting for their civil rights as promised to them by the constitution of the USA. The Freedom Rides were organised by the NAACP (Nation Association for
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Born on January 9‚ 1913 in Yorba Linda‚ California‚ Richard Nixon was one of the most influential and controversial politicians of the 20th century. From the small corporation office to the White House‚ Nixon touched the lives of millions of Americans‚ even though some may not have been grateful for it afterwards. He grew up in Whittier where he lived until after graduating from the small Whittier College to go study law at Duke University‚ graduating in 1937. From then on‚ Nixon would make sure
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them and it became known as McCarthyism. He also accused many public citizens such as newspaper writers who went against his views. Then in October of 1953‚ McCarthy began to go downhill. He accused the military to be communists. President Dwight D. Eisenhower decided that was enough and it was time for him to step in. “Through the televised investigations into the United States Army and the reporters’ attack‚ the nation grew to realize that McCarthy was “evil and unmatched in malice.”” In
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Betrayal. Deceit. The Rosenbergs. Described by History.com as a married couple‚ with two sons‚ they were convicted of leading a spy ring to pass U.S. atomic secrets to the Soviet Union. Controversy over the death sentence ensued‚ and President Dwight D. Eisenhower replied that “...the Rosenbergs may have condemned to death tens of millions of innocent people all over the world”; that the death of millions is even graver than the death of two ("Rosenbergs Executed"). Besides the controversy over the sentence
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Chuck Yeager For this assignment‚ I selected American pilot Chuck Yeager because of his long history with the aviation and aerospace field through the U.S. military‚ as well as the breakthroughs he made during his service. His ambition‚ dignity‚ and patriotism for his country and line of work makes him stand out from many others in this field‚ and as a result‚ I feel he has contributed greatly to the aerospace industry. Chuck Yeager is an American combat veteran from Myra‚ West Virginia that
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In 1954‚ the Supreme Court took a step in history with the Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka by stating that‚ “In the field of public education the doctrine of ‘separate but equal’‚ has no place. Separate facilities are inheritably unequal.” Little Rock‚ Arkansas a city in the upper south became a location of a controversial attempt to put the court order into effect when nine African American students were chosen to desegregate Central High in Little Rock. How did the Little Rock Nine affect
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the 1960s. • JFK hoped to pull together key elements of the Roosevelt coalition of the 1930s—urban minorities‚ ethnic voting blocs‚ and organized labor. He also hoped to win back conservative Catholics who had deserted the Democrats to vote for Eisenhower in 1952 and 1956‚ and to hold his own in the South. • John F. Kennedy eloquently confronted the religious issue in an appearance before the Greater-Houston Ministerial Association. He said‚ "I believe in an America where the separation of church
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continue to furnish the equipment.3 This process is part of the embodiment of the military-industrial complex. The term “military-industrial complex” was popularized by President Dwight Eisenhower during his farewell address to the nation just a few days before he left office in January‚ 1961. In his address‚ Eisenhower warned‚ “…we must guard against the acquisition of unwarranted influence‚ whether sought or unsought‚ by the military-industrial complex.” However‚ Eisenhower’s description of the
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