commentary The boundless carbon cycle Tom J. Battin‚ Sebastiaan Luyssaert‚ Louis A. Kaplan‚ Anthony K. Aufdenkampe‚ Andreas Richter and Lars J. Tranvik The terrestrial biosphere is assumed to take up most of the carbon on land. However‚ it is becoming clear that inland waters process large amounts of organic carbon and must be considered in strategies to mitigate climate change. A tmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations increased from ~280 ppm before the industrial revolution to over 384
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Business Cycle Defined The term business cycle refers to the rise and fall in economic activity over what can be several months or even years. These patterns of contraction and expansion occur around a long term growth trend of increased real gross domestic product. It was after World War II that the modern theory of business cycles came to its current evolution. (Sachese‚ Small & Small‚ 2009) Economists Arthur F. Burns and Wesley C. Mitchell have characterized business cycles in what many economists
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MODELS OF ADOPTION CYCLE The Technology Adoption Lifecycle The technology adoption lifecycle model describes the adoption or acceptance of a new product or innovation‚ according to the demographic and psychological characteristics of defined adopter groups. The process of adoption over time is typically illustrated as a classical normal distribution or "bell curve." The model indicates that the first group of people to use a new product is called "innovators‚" followed by "early adopters." Next
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STAGES OF A BUSINESS CYCLE RECESSION A recession—also sometimes referred to as a trough—is a period of reduced economic activity in which levels of buying‚ selling‚ production‚ and employment typically diminish. This is the most unwelcome stage of the business cycle for business owners and consumers alike. A particularly severe recession is known as a depression. RECOVERY Also known as an upturn‚ the recovery stage of the business cycle is the point at which the economy "troughs" out and starts
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interprets the statistical characteristics of the Polish business cycle. It also identifies leading and lagging variables and shows that the economic fluctuations in Poland differ to some extent from those in other emerging and mature economies‚ with Polish growth notably more volatile and government expenditure highly erratic. The available data on GDP growth suggest that the Polish economy is approaching the peak of the second business cycle since the start of economic transformation from a centrally
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The Never Ending Cycle Everyone has heard someone comment on poverty in the United States. Some people say‚ "the poor have only themselves to blame for their situation." Or‚ "why don’t they get a job?" This is the problem with society today; the different levels of the class structure have grown so far apart from one another they cannot even relate to one another. People look down on the poor as unmotivated and lazy when‚ in fact‚ it is not their fault‚ but the fault of a society that does
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business cycle. What stage is the US currently in? How do you know? What tools can the federal government use to turn the economy around? A business cycle is identified as a sequence of four phases: * Contraction (A slowdown in the pace of economic activity) * Trough (The lower turning point of a business cycle‚ where a contraction turns into an expansion) * Expansion (A speedup in the pace of economic activity) * Peak (The upper turning of a business cycle) A recession
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metaphase and anaphase. This means that taxol can be used to examine processes during the cell cycle. Taxol can also be used to examine inhibitory proteins and antimitotics and their effects on the cell cycle as well. 3. The Aim of such experiment was to determine what causes the cell to undergo cytoplasmic changes to undergo mitotic division. For this mammalian cells in various stages of the cell cycle S‚ G1‚ G2 and M were fused together in various combinations and the nucleus interaction was
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Biogeochemical cycles of Earth Earth with its many species and abundant live is a Biosphere in flux. As time passes with the seasons‚ the earth turning upon it’s axis and the movement of the sun’s rays North to South‚ makes it a place of movement and cycles. There are four cycles that are considered the four major biogeochemical cycles. The hydrologic‚ this is the transport of water around the globe. The nitrogen cycle‚ this is the movement of nitrogen within the biosphere. The carbon cycle‚ where
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Spermatogenesis Spermatogenesis is the production of the male gametes (reproductive or sex cell) otherwise known as sperm. The production of sperm takes place in the seminiferous tubules within the testes and are formed from cells by a type of cell division called mitosis and then meiosis. This process begins at puberty. Spermatogonia cells are made by mitotic division of the primordial germ cell. Mitotic cell division produces diploid cells that are identical to the Parent cell with 46 chromosomes
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