classification ● Genus is represented by staphylococcus ● Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environment waste through bioremediation is part of the sub discipline microbiology referred to as biotechnology ● A pathogen is the term used to refer to any disease causing microorganism ● The term ubiquitous is used to refer to the fact that microbes exists nearly everywhere on the earth ● A good hypothesis must be: able to be supported or rejected by
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Terms to Know Decomposer - Breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds Prokaryote – No nucleus - microscopic‚ unicellular organisms‚ lack nuclei and membrane-bound organelles Pathogen - Microorganisms that do harm Eukaryote - unicellular (microscopic) and multicellular‚ nucleus and membrane-bound organelles alcohol - archaeobacteria - Prokaryotic single-celled organisms of primitive origin that have unusual anatomy‚ physiology‚ and genetics‚ and live in harsh habitats;
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References: Alonzo‚ C. 2008. A Laboratory Manual of Small-Scale Experiments for Independent Study of Microbiology. Englewood‚ CO‚ US: Hands-On Labs‚ Inc. OSMOSIS
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MICROBIOLOGY What is the purpose of general growth media‚ selective media‚ and differential media? Give examples of each. General Purpose Media General Purpose media is designed to grow most organisms and do not contain growth inhibitors. Standard Methods Agar and Blood Agar Bases are examples of general purpose media. Differential Media Differential media contain a component that allow an observable change when a specific chemical reaction takes place. Simmons Citrate Agar is an example
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` Study Guide for Exam 1 Chapter 1: 1. What is a “microbe”? What groups of organisms are included in this category? Microbes (microorganisms) are minute living things that individually are too small to be seen with the unaided eye the group includes bacteria‚ fungi‚ protozoa‚ and microscopic algae‚ viruses Only minority of microorganisms are pathogenic(disease-producing) 2. What are some of the benefits provided by microbes? Decompose organic waste‚ producers in the ecosystem
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(2005). Evidence for functional overlap among multiple bacterial cell division proteins: compensating for the loss of FtsK. Mol Microbiol 58: Pages 596–612 Gordon‚ G.S Grainge I. (2010). FtsK – a bacterial cell division checkpoint? Molecular Microbiology Volume 78‚ Issue 5‚ pages 1055–1057 Grainge I.‚ Lesterlin C Griffiths A. J. F.‚ Wessler S. R.‚ Lewontin R. C. and Carroll S. B. (2008). Introduction to Genetic Analysis. W.H. Freeman and COmpany. Chapter 7: DNA: Structure and Replication. pages
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CH4 Prokaryotic Cells No nucleus Plasma membrane Selective permeability lets molecules pass. Enzymes for ATP production. Photosynthetic pigment on folding (on chromatophores or thylakoids). Leakage occurs if damaged by alcohols‚ ammonium‚ and polymyxin antibiotics. Phospholipid bilayer‚ peripheral proteins‚ integral protein‚ transmembrane protein‚ sterols‚ glycocalyx Movement across Membranes Simple diffusion: Movement of solute from high concentration to low Facilitative diffusion: Solute
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Top 10 Inventions in America • A clothes hanger‚ or coat hanger‚ is a device in the shape of human shoulders designed to facilitate the hanging of a coat‚ jacket‚ sweater‚ shirt‚ blouse or dress in a manner that prevents wrinkles‚ with a lower bar for the hanging of pants. Invented by albert park house in 1903. • Air-conditioning is mechanism designed to extract heat from an occupied space air temperature using a refrigeration cycle. It was made in 1902 by Willis Haviland Carrier. http://www
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Review Questions 1. Which type of S. pneumoniae strain is the most virulent‚ encapsulated or unencapsulated? 2. What allows S. pneumoniae to adhere to cell walls‚ phosphorylcholine or polysaccharide? 3. Which infections are most commonly caused by S. pneumoniae‚ arthritis & peritonitis or meningitis & bacteremia? both 4. What can society do to help protect itself from antimicrobial resistance‚ increase or decrease antimicrobial usage? Decrease usage 1. Staphylococcus aureus‚
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Contributors to Microbiology Pioneers of Microbiology I. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (Oct. 24‚ 1632- Aug. 30‚ 1723) A. In 1676 Leeuwenhoek saw tiny organisms in water‚ he was the first man to observe and describe bacteria accurately. He discovered microscopic nematodes‚ blood cells and sperm. He also made over 500 microscopes to view specific objects. B. Microbiology is concerned with the study of all forms of life that are too small to be seen with the naked eye. Antonie’s work
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