1. If a mollusk moves by a broad muscular foot‚ it is probably a) a bivalve b) a gastropod c) two-shelled d) a cephalopod 2. A herbivorous mollusk scrapes algae from rocks and twigs with its a) radula b) poison glands c) foot d) feathery gills 3. The cephalopod that has lost its shell completely is the a) octopus b) slug c) cuttlefish d) nautilus e. squid 4. The blood of annelids typically flows a) only in dorsal vessels c. only in ventral vessels b) in a closed circulatory
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in annelids. How is the true segmentation in annelids differ from having rings around the ectoderm as in nematodes? 3. What two layers of muscles exist in annelids? Which muscle layer‚ present in platyhelminthes‚ is absent in annelids? 4. Earthworms (class oligochaeta) and marine polychaete worms (class polychaeta) have bristles (“chaetes”) protruding from their body segments‚ while leeches (class hirudinea) lack these bristles. What is the function of these bristles (chaetes)
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The badger (Meles meles) Badgers are nocturnal and elusive‚ but remain one of the UK’s favourite mammals. Like humans‚ they are omnivorous‚ although unlike us‚ they eat several hundred earthworms every night. Badgers are social creatures and live all together in large underground setts‚ comprised of a series of many interlocking tunnels‚ possibly up to hundreds‚ with nest chambers‚ toilets and several entrances. They inherit these setts from their parents‚ while always expanding and refining them
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overcome the limitation of common piezo actuators‚ the impact based piezo actuator(TULA) has been developed to realize long stroke up to 11 mm. By using TULA‚ we develop a crawling locomotive mechanism. Previously reported locomotive mechanisms such as earthworm-like and inchworm-like mechanism can not realize continuous motion but move with step-wise motion since they have clamping and elongation sequence for movement. Therefore‚ long time loss for movement of one stroke is inevitable. In this crawling
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soil by rainfall. The presence of this layer of humus makes Brown Earth soils very fertile The Brown Earth soils have a uniform colour throughout and have no distinct horizons. The Cool Temperate climate is warm enough for the presence of earthworms. Earthworms and other burrowers mix the soil together resulting in no distinct boundary between the A and B horizons. Texture Brown Earth soils have equal amounts of silt‚ sand and clay particles giving them a loamy texture. The texture of a soil
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A New Old World The discovery of the North America is viewed as one of the major turning points throughout the history of man. This seemingly separate‚ and new world opened the minds of many‚ and provided endless possibilities for the bold. However‚ although the newly discovered North America was brand new to the European explorers‚ North America had been there and thrived for thousands of years while isolated from the Easter Hemisphere. Similar to every region‚ North America’s regions had distinct
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The Anthelmintic Property of Methanolic and Ethanolic extract of the Kulitis leaves (Amaranthus viridis) Chapter 1 Introduction The World Health Organization estimates that a staggering two billion people harbor parasitic worm infections. Parasitic worm also infect livestock and crops‚ affecting food production with a resultant economic impact. Despite this pevelance of parasitic infections‚ the research o the Anthelmintic drug is sparse. According to the WHO‚ only a
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Female reproductive system of earthworm- It consists of following parts: 1. Ovary 2. Oviducal funnel 3. Oviducts 4. Female genital aperture 5. Spermathaceae 1. Ovary- They are the white lobed structures which are present in the intersegment of 12/13. They consist of ova secreting cells. The ova are usually generated by the process of oogenesis. They are generally arranged on the basis of maturation. The matured ones are contained in the distal end whereas the immature ones
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opportunity for nourishment and removal of their waste products. However‚ even closed circulatory systems differ as we move further up the evolutionary tree. One of the simplest types of closed circulatory systems is found in annelids such as the earthworm. Earthworms have two main blood vessels -- a dorsal and a ventral vessel -- which carry blood towards the head or the tail‚ respectively. Blood is moved along the dorsal vessel by waves of contraction in the wall of the vessel. These contractible waves
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smallest things and in order for the mushroom to survive‚ it mush drop from these gills into the earth. The gills themselves are rigged and give a great example of tactile imagery. An example of olfactory imagery is the line "it lives in each earthworm segment surviving cruelty." The poet in this line is trying to show that hope even lies
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