instrument. 3.2 RESEARCH DESIGN Polit and Hungler (1999:155) describe the research design as a blueprint‚ or outline‚ for conducting the study in such a way that maximum control will be exercised over factors that could interfere with the validity of the research results. The research design is the researcher’s overall plan for obtaining answers to the research questions guiding the study. Burns and Grove (2001:223) state that designing a study helps researchers to plan and implement the
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A Glossary of Ecological Terms transpired by Craig Chalquist‚ PhD‚ ecopsychologist and author of Terrapsychology: Re-engaging the Soul of Place (2007) - See also "Mind and Environment: A Psychological Survey of Perspectives Literal‚ Wide‚ and Deep." - Never‚ no never‚ did Nature say one thing and Wisdom another. – Edmund Burke The glossary that follows assumes a definition of ecology--the study of interactions between organisms and their environment--much wider than what fits under the
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php/GFN/page/basics_introduction/ Footprint Basics - Introduction You’ve probably heard of the Ecological Footprint - the metric that allows us to calculate human pressure on the planet and come up with facts‚ such as: If everyone lived the lifestyle of the average American we would need five planets. This section of our Web site explains how the Ecological Footprint works in basic terms. It examines the benefits of ecological accounting‚ introduces some of the most important Footprint findings‚ and addresses
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"Ecological succession" is the observed process of change in the species structure of an ecological community over time. Within any community some species may become less abundant over some time interval‚ or they may even vanish from the ecosystem altogether. Similarly‚ over some time interval‚ other species within the community may become more abundant‚ or new species may even invade into the community from adjacent ecosystems. This observed change over time in what is living in a particular ecosystem
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------------------------------------------------- Food web From Wikipedia‚ the free encyclopedia A freshwater aquatic and terrestrial food web. A food web (or food cycle) depicts feeding connections (what eats what) in an ecological communityand hence is also referred to as a consumer-resource system. Ecologists can broadly lump all life forms into one of two categories called trophic levels: 1) the autotrophs‚ and 2) the heterotrophs. To maintaintheir bodies‚ grow‚ develop‚ and to reproduce
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activity and organic resource consumption‚ which has caused a great loss of biodiversity. If strong efforts are not made to restore and sustain conditions‚ our ecosystem will be destine for collapse. It is imperative that we use TEK (traditional ecological knowledge) as a source of environmental ethics to conserve the earth’s habitats and restore our ecosystem “TEK has a strong potential to contribute to more effective and sustainable approaches to forest management in particular and
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protective factors are factors that increase or decrease the chance of a certain event occurring. Within the child protection sphere‚ there are several factors that promote and cause detriment to child wellbeing within a family system. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological model distinguishes several risk and protective factors across the spectrums of the ontogenic‚ micro‚ exo and macrosystems (Jack‚ 2012).
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scourge that plagues the classroom and renders immobile the wheels of thought in a quagmire of ineffectual batteries of questions unintentionally fashioned to inaccurately assess a student ’s mastery of subject material. I intend to research the validity of standardized tests in school. The standardized tests can include the Stanford 9‚ PSAT‚ SAT‚ CRCT‚ etc. I chose this topic because I feel that educators and political leaders place an undue amount of importance on it. A flaw in standardized testing
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litter in the Solebury woods Introduction: We are trying to compare the biodiversity of leaf litter invertebrates in forested areas on each side of the horseshoe trail on Solebury School’s campus. Each area has significantly different ecological histories. Leaf litter invertebrates are essential to the forests wood web. At the base off the food web are the main producers which would be trees or shrubbery. Then there are the primary consumers that eat the trees and shrubbery. Next
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Structure A major research theme among community ecology has been whether ecological communities have a (nonrandom) structure and‚ if so‚ how to characterise this structure. Forms of community structure include aggregation and nestedness. Aggregation Overdispersion or statistical aggregation‚ where the variance of a distribution is higher than expected. Nestedness Nestedness is a measure of order in an ecological system‚ referring to the order in which the number of species is related to
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