is at max point Managers take production right up to the point where TC=TR; if they can [2] Oligopolies can benefit most from going past the profit maximising output because it gives them a market share advantage over their competition. The economic climate can affect managers’ ability to deploy this tactic. If a recession is on the cards then shareholders will be anxious and keeping them and profits high will be a priority to which managers must abide to keep their position. The Downsides:
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elasticity of demand Inelastic demand curve will be less than 1 Inelastic demand curve will be less than 1 Elastic demand curve will be greater than 1 Elastic demand curve or Kinked demand curve will be greater than 1 Is there a presence of economic profits? No Yes Yes Yes Introduction: Printing is one of the most highly competitive industries in America today there are literally thousands of printers in the United States‚ they range from a small mom and pop operation to multinational
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BRIBERY SCANDAL AT SIEMENS AG Abstract: This case discusses the bribery scandals that were unearthed at Siemens AG (Siemens) in 2006 and 2007. There were a series of scandals that involved some of the company’s employees bribing foreign officials to gain contracts and creating slush funds for this purpose. In another case‚ the company was accused of bribing labor representatives on the supervisory board in order to gain their support for its policies. After the German authorities conducted raids
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INNOVATION Innovation presents a dilemma for managers. On the one hand‚ innovation is proffered as an elixir for growth‚ profitability‚ and competitive advantage. On the other hand‚ there are no guarantees that innovators will be rewarded for their efforts. The challenge is not just creating value from innovation‚ but capturing that value as well. Therefore‚ the profitability of an innovation to the innovator depends on the value created by the innovation and the share of that value that the innovator
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- Financial flows Deregulation of financial markets (less rules and regulations in currency markets and foreign investment) led to a rapid increase in FDI and portfolio investment. Investment makes economies more integrated as economic changes in one country influence others (CONTAGION e.g. negative effects such as the GFC and the EDC or positive effects such as new technology and booming economies). The main benefits are that it enables countries to finance their domestic economy even if domestic
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exchange rate is said to overshoot when its immediate response to a disturbance is greater than its long-run response. Exchange rate overshooting is an important phenomenon because it helps explain why exchange rates move so sharply from day to day. The economic explanation of overshooting comes from the interest parity condition. Question 4 (a) Using the AA/DD framework‚ explain the separate effects of a temporary monetary expansion and a temporary fiscal expansion on the exchange rate‚ output and
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Differences Between Keynesian Economics and Classical Economics Economics thinking has evolved over time as economists develop new economic theories to fit the realities of a changing world. Monetary and fiscal policies change over time. And so does our understanding of those policies. Some economists argue that policies that lower the unemployment rate tend to raise the rate of inflation. Others insist that only unexpected inflation can influence real GDP and employment. If the latter economists
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gaps in income levels may have had a hand as well. Numerous factors have led to the protests‚ including issues such as dictatorship or absolute monarchy‚ human rights violations‚ political corruption (demonstrated by Wikileaks diplomatic cables)‚ economic decline‚ unemployment‚ extreme poverty‚ and a number of demographic structural factors‚ such as a large percentage of educated but dissatisfied youth within the population. Also‚ some - like Slovenian philosopher Slavoj Žižek - name the 2009–2010
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years historical data of these variables accumulated and samples for this analysis. This analysis will also look at the long term correlation of these variables with Toyota car sales. Results shows that a slowdown in U.S income growth could short-circuit the surge in consumer spending including the sales of vehicles manufactured by the U.S automotive manufacturers‚ such as Toyota Motor Corporation Macroeconomic Analysis Economics use variety of models to explain how the U.S national income is determined
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Analyse the effects of changes in the exchange rate of the Australian dollar (against other currencies) on the Australian economy. Fluctuations in the exchange rate of the Australian dollar can have significant implications on the Australian economy. The exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another economy’s currency. Typically in the case of Australia‚ the Australian dollar is measured in terms of the US dollar. Changes in the exchange rate‚ whether the alteration is an appreciation
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