Managerial Economics Unit 8 Unit 8 Nature of markets and Pricing of Products I Structure 8.1 Introduction Objectives 8.2 Meaning of market and market structure 8.3 Kinds of markets 8.4 Perfect competition 8.5 Monopoly 8.6 Monopolistic competition 8.7 Oligopoly 8.8 Duopoly 8.9 Bilateral monopoly 8.10 Monopsony 8.11 Duopsony 8.12 Oligopsony 8.13 Industry analysis 8.14 Summary 8.15 Terminal Questions 8.16 Answer 8.1 Introduction Efficiency of management lies in its capacity to analyze the
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the percentage of market share held by the largest 4 firms in an industry. Formula: CR4= Σ4i=1 si Calculation: (11‚834‚883 + 3‚845‚900 + 3‚696‚800 + 3‚650‚647) / 44‚582‚621 = 0.5165292996 = 0.516 (3dp) =51% Analysis: As the four firm concentration ratio is >50% this insinuates that this market structure is that of an oligopoly. Calculating the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) Definition: The HHI is a concentration measure based on the sum of the squared market shares of all the
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dealt with in economic analysis requires an examination of the main factors at play. These factors amongst others are looked at as a base for decision making. Supply and Demand are the most fundamental tools used in economic analysis. I will explain what demand is and how the demand curve is derived. I will also write about Supply and its relationship with Demand. I will examine equilibrium price (market clearing price) and how we can calculate or plot it. I will attempt to show how market surpluses
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Capital Structure Analysis – Walmart September 13‚ 2011 GB550: Financial Management Unit 3 Professor Ana Machuca Part I - The Abstract Wal-Mart is one of the biggest retail chains of the world (Sampson‚ 2008). Hence it’s very extensive financial reports were studied carefully in detail‚ in order to understand and evaluate the company’s operations and performance in terms of financial ratios and relevant cost drivers and hence suggest recommendations to improve the overall business
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this level of output‚ as may profit making firms faced with certain situations‚ or employing certain strategies. An example of this would be predatory pricing where‚ so long as costs are covered‚ a firm may reduce price to drive rivals out of the market. Sales maximisation means achieving the highest possible sales volume‚ without making a loss. To the right of Q‚ the firm will make a loss‚ and to the left of Q sales are not maximised where AC=AR. [1] Managers are more interested in firm
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Market Value Added and Economic Value Added Salahuddin K. Shameem Market Value Added (MVA) is the difference between the current market value of a company and the original amount of capital contributed by investors. MVA = market value of stock - shareholder-supplied equity = (shares outstanding)(stock P) - Total common equity Economic Value Added (EVA) measures managerial effectiveness (economic profit). EVA = NOPAT - after-tax dollar cost of K for operations = EBIT(1-T) - amount of
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Managerial Economics School of Distance Education Bharathiar University‚ Coimbatore - 641 046 Author: Atmanand Copyright © 2007‚ Bharathiar University All Rights Reserved Produced and Printed by EXCEL BOOKS PRIVATE LIMITED A-45‚ Naraina‚ Phase-I‚ New Delhi-110028 for SCHOOL OF DISTANCE EDUCATION Bharathiar University Coimbatore-641046 CONTENTS Page No. UNIT-I Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Managerial Economics: Definition
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Introduction Capital structure (CS) is one of the most important aspects of the Financial Management of any organization. It aims is to identify and implement the best capital structure proportion possible that suits the organizations needs and objectives. An optimal Capital structure boosts the prosperity of the company in the long run and reduces the risk. CS is a mixture of a company ’s current and non current debt‚ common and preferred equity. It ’s the way a company finances its functions
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Market analysis for product software Market analysis for product software consists of a number of techniques that allow an organization to collect and disseminate information from their external environment of software products for use in determining their market strategy and actions. For example‚ market analysis helps to determine critical strategies for new software products such as time-to-market length‚ creating product differentiation‚ creating and preserving supplier credibility‚ developing
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y Analysis of the hotel market in India Hotel industry in India has witnessed tremendous boom in recent years. Hotel industry is linked to the tourism industry‚ and the growth in the Indian tourism industry has fuelled the growth of hotel industry. The economy and increase business opportunity in India have acted as a boon for Indian hotel industry. These include the abolishment of the inland air travel tax of 15%‚ reduction in excise duty on aviation turbine fuel to 8% and removal of the number
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