FIELD EXPERIMENTS IN ECONOMICS By: Ravisha Sodha INTRODUCTION: Field experiments occupy an important middle ground between laboratory experiments and naturally occurring field data. The underlying idea behind most field experiments is to make use of randomization in an environment that captures important characteristics of the real world. Distinct from traditional empirical economics‚ field experiments provide an advantage by permitting the researcher to create exogenous variation in the variables
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AFRICA - At the dawn of a new millennium‚ the continent that some say witnessed the birth of the first human civilizations -- may be dying. As widespread drought‚ starvation and the unchecked spread of deadly diseases continue -- the numbers of people dying on a daily basis throughout Africa is staggering. Causes of poverty in Africa In many parts of Africa‚ the production of food depends upon the intense manual labor of every family. When large areas of Africa are dislocated by war‚ or adults
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___________________________ On the Economics of Regional Powers: Comparing China‚ India‚ Brazil‚ and South Africa Robert Kappel No 145 www.giga-hamburg.de/workingpapers September 2010 GIGA Working Papers serve to disseminate the research results of work in progress prior to publicaton to encourage the exchange of ideas and academic debate. Inclusion of a paper in the Working Papers series does not constitute publication and should not limit publication in any other venue. Copyright
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water. Good water is needed for people to stay healthy and clean. So in this way‚ water pollution affects Africa. Also the unequal distribution affects these things‚ because when people have no water they can’t trade or irrigate. So‚ because of unequal distribution of water there is not enough drinking water in every area. 2. How do poor soil and deforestation distress Sub-Saharan Africa? Deforestation causes erosion which in turn causes poor soil farmers can’t use. When farmers have land with
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British Colonizing in Nigeria In the late 19th and early 20th century‚ Europeans had raced to colonize the country Africa. Great Britain was the leaders at this time in colonizing the land filled with rich natural recourses. These recourses were considered a necessity to the industrialization of the world‚ specifically Nigeria. During this colonization that Great Britain was doing in their new land‚ you could imagine that the locals were not too happy about this. The British had no respect for
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Interconnections Resulted from the Silk Road When discussing how the Silk Road has contributed to global change and expansion of discovery and technology‚ it is key to focus on how its success is dependent on the development of the three dominate empires within the time period; The Mali‚ The Mongolian and The Aztec. These complex societies were reliant on merchants and specialty crafters from across oceans and continents. Trade is a mutually beneficial transaction that either profits or increases
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business interests of the British imperialists had a mixed outcome.Great Britain expanded into India‚Asia‚and Africa.There were three main causes that are linked to the causes and reasons os imperializing(political‚social‚economic).Overall‚imperialism is a progressive force‚and both the “oppressors”are equally effected by imperialism in both positive and negative ways. The causes of British Imperialism were tied to economic‚social‚and political reasons.socially‚the british believed that they were
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Christians in the Byzantium Empire The Byzantine Empire was in fact the Eastern Roman Empire. Byzantium was established in the year 395 and came to an end in 1453. During the Byzantine reign of power‚ we shall see imperial Christianity which was distinctive to Byzantium. This was a rule were the Pope was not the ruler over the Christians but it was effectively the Emperor who held control over the church. This included appointing prominent bishops and also appointed patriarchs.1 The religious aspect
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Why were the American colonies unhappy with the British government? By the 1770’s‚ Great Britain had established a number of colonies in North America. The American colonists thought of themselves as citizens of Great Britain and subjects of King George III. They were tied to Britain through trade and by the way they were governed. Trade was restricted so the colonies had to rely on Britain for imported goods and supplies. There were no banks and very little money‚ so colonists used barter
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The Roman empire and the Han empire collapsed for similar reasons as well as some different reasons. Firstly‚ both Rome and China’s governments became an ineffective way to control an empire. Secondly‚ nomadic tribes invaded both Rome and China. These tribes broke into their respective empires and laid waste to the land. Yet differences exist between the collapse of the two empires. A large part of the collapse of Rome was due to inflation. The Han empire was not as affected by inflation as the Roman
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