Economies and Diseconomies of Scale A case for McDonalds & Movie Theaters By Michele Tarrence Econ 202 Economies of scale are defined as ‘forces that reduce a firm’s average cost as scale of operation increases in the long run. The opposite of this would be diseconomies of scale‚ meaning ‘forces that may eventually increase a firms average cost as the scale of operation increases in the long run. Most every company has both the economies and diseconomies of scale that can be analyzed
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Survey on Current State of Economy January 2013 -2FICCI Survey on Current State of Economy‚ January 2013 Highlights The global economic situation continues to be difficult. Economic situation in both US and Euro area remains uncertain. U.S. gross domestic product shrank 0.1% in the fourth quarter of 2012—the worst performance since 2009. Wednesday’s Federal Open Market Committee statement acknowledged that economic activity paused in recent months‚ but there was no change to monetary policy.
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Mixed economy Features 1. Co-existence of public and private sectors: Both public and private enterprises exist in this economic system. The role and areas of both the sectors arc well defined. The relative roles assigned to the public and private sector differ from economy to economy. But generally the public sector is expected to perform certain basic functions such as: (i) Development of economic infrastructures. (ii) To promote basic industries that require huge investment and are of
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Retail:-The selling of goods and services directly to consumers in small quantities. Retailing:-The activities involved in selling goods directly to consumers. ORGANISED RETAILERS:- Like department stores‚speciality stores ‚shopping complexes ‚ malls ‚ large scale multiple chains etc. Organized retailing‚ in India‚ refers to trading activities undertaken by licensed retailers‚ that is‚ those who are registered for sales tax‚ income tax‚ etc. These include the publicly traded supermarkets‚ corporate-backed hypermarkets and
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(NAFTA)‚ it remains a tangential concern‚ and the presumption is often made that economic - growth and economic liberalization (including the liberalization of intemational trade) are‚ in some sense‚ good for the environment. This notion has meant that economy-wide policy reforms designed to promote growth and liberalization have been encouraged with little regard to their environmental consequences‚ presumably on the assumption that these consequences would either take care of themselves or could be dealt
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as in market economies‚ and you cannot increase it all that much by working harder or innovating new technology. The only path to better lifestyle is joining the ruling elite‚ or stealing from the system and otherwise entering the black market. The reason that standard of life does not grow so fast is that there is no innovation‚ and that is b/c innovation means taking a risk‚ and "equal-reward" approach means that rewards are not enough to justify the risk.’ Planned Economy In a planned
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different answers: command economies directed by a centralized government‚ and market economies based on private enterprise. Today‚ in the last decade of the 20th century‚ it is clear that‚ for people throughout the world‚ the central‚ command economy model has failed to sustain economic growth‚ to achieve a measure of prosperity‚ or even to provide economic security for its citizens. Yet for many‚ the fundamental principles and mechanisms of the alternative‚ a market economy‚ remain unfamiliar or
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focuses on two systems of economy‚ that is Market economy and Command economy. Basically there are four types of economy: Traditional Economy: As the word says‚ Traditional economy is an economic system in which traditions‚ customs and beliefs of the economy guides the production of goods and services. Command Economy Command economy is a system in which government plays a major role in taking the production decision for goods and services in the economy. Market Economy Under this system‚ goods and
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As Robert Neuwirth‚ who is a former business reporter‚ defines the informal sector or informal economy is that part of an economy that is not taxed‚ monitored by any form of government‚ or included in any gross national product (GNP)‚ unlike the formal economy. Other terms used to refer to the informal sector can include the black market‚ the shadow economy‚ and the underground economy and how he refers it mostly is System D. The original use of the term ‘informal sector’ is attributed to the economic
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MARKET ECONOMY | PLANNED ECONOMY | * The market economy is not run by a high authority. Instead it is run by many individuals regarding production‚ consumption and work. * The market is free and prices can be of a wide range * The market economy is intended for a middle/upper class. This is because people can earn as much money as they want‚ upper class people don’t have to distribute a profit evenly. * The theory of the market economy is to give people the capability to earn as much
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