REPORT) Saving-Investment Equilibrium Y = C + I Y – C = I S = I Saving is an outflow which gradually reduces the additional income that it generates. Therefore the circular flow model tells us that outflows like savings‚ taxes‚ and import expenditures must go back in the system in the form of investment‚ government expenditures‚ and export earnings. The saving-investment equilibrium further implies that increasing‚ decreasing or maintaining the level of investment expenditure will
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CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of the Study Persistent public expenditure and inflation have become major concerns in both developed and developing countries. Extensive theoretical and empirical literatures have been developed to examine the relationship between Public expenditure and macroeconomic variables. The monetarists share the view that fiscal deficits are harmful to an economy. While some of the increases in the public expenditure have been associated with declining tax
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Inflation – Impact on Indian Economy & Agriculture Savneet Kaur Abstract— Inflation is the rise in the prices of goods and services and affects all the major sectors in an economy. Inflation also reflects erosion in the purchasing power of money – a loss of real value in the internal medium of exchange and unit of account in the economy. In a country like Indian where a majority of population is working in agriculture sector‚ the effect of inflation increases manifold. This paper aims to
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a fixed investment (capital) used to produce other goods. (2 marks) Should the value of this truck then be added to GDP or should only the goods it transports be included in GDP? (2 marks) Question 3: (i.a) Illustrate and explain with diagrams the difference between demand-pull and cost-push inflation; (2.5 marks for the diagram and 2.5 marks for the explanation); (i.b) Provide (describe) two (2) causes of each type of inflation (2.5 marks
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operations performed consciously‚ which include the elements from the environment in a specific time and place. Decision making is the interaction between a problem that needs to be solved and a person who wishes to solve it within a specific environment. Decision making can be influenced by different factors one of this factors is music‚ music improves learning‚ memory‚ decision making and other cognitive factors‚ music can be a distraction or a motivation depending on how a student uses it
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The impact of inflation on the functions of money Money refers to any commodity which functions as medium of exchange or the settlement of a debt. In a modern economy bank notes and coins clearly form part of the money supply as they are acceptable in the settlement of all transactions. Moreover some transactions are settled by cheques drawn on bank deposits in current accounts (also known as sight or demand deposits). Thus current account deposits also form part of money supply. Deposits accounts
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INTRODUCTION TO INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT The Concept of Investment: □ An investment is the current commitment of funds for a period of time in order to derive future benefits. □ Investing involves making a sacrifice in the present consumption in the hope of deriving benefits in the future. □ Every investment decision has two aspects; Risks and Returns: □ Every investor looks to be compensated for; i) Time the funds are committed ii) The expected rate of inflation iii)
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The Effect of Financial Statement in Decision Making Background of the Study In every organization‚ every fiber of decision is important. However‚ before creating such valuable decision‚ it is also important that the decision makers such as leaders has basis. In terms of performance in an organization and creating new business ventures‚ it is emphasized that the use of financial statements or financial reports can be a great source of crafting decision. Through the income statement‚ balance sheet
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rate minus the inflation rate. Suppose the (expected or realized) inflation rate increases from 3% to 5%. Does the Fisher equation imply that this increase will result in a fall in the real rate of interest? Explain. The Fisher equation relates nominal rates required by investors to real rates required by investors and inflation. You can think about this from two perspectives: i. Ex-ante (before) required Nominal Return as a function of required Real Return and Expected Inflation: (1 + rNominal)
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Introduction to Securities Investment (Understanding Investment Decision Process) Individual’s Objective: Maximize utility (=degree of satisfaction) from consumption‚ subject to income & wealth‚ and market opportunities. In order to achieve the objective‚ people save a portion of (current) income for future spending‚ and reverse is also true. => efficient saving. Where to save? (Security types in Chapter 3) 1. Real assets: 2. Financial assets: represent claims on future cash payoffs
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