The Effects of pH‚ Temperature‚ Enzyme‚ and Substrate Concentrations on Benzoquinone Production BIOL 2051 June 10th 2013 Introduction Enzymes are the ultimate catalysts of living things. Enzymes are made of proteins which are structured and directed by amino acids chains. Enzymes attract and fit substrate molecules to an active site. The active site binds the substrate molecules covalently to enzyme forming an enzyme-substrate complex‚ which catalyzes
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Jacobs Enzyme Catalyst Lab - Formal Report – August 8‚ 2007 ABSTRACT This investigation examined what would happen to the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction if the concentration of substrate changed. We hypothesized that if the concentration increased‚ then the reaction rate would also increase. To test our question‚ we varied a combination of substrate and buffer‚ totaling 6mL‚ with a constant amount of 2 drops of catalyst. The enzyme catalyst‚ peroxidase‚ increased the rate of the
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Investigate the effect of temperature on amylase activity Introduction Amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of starch into sugars. Amylases are found in almost all plants‚ animals and microorganisms. Large amounts of amylase occur in germinating cereals‚ and in the pancreas and saliva of higher animals. Aim The aim of this experiment is to find out the rate of reaction between amylase and starch in a range of different reaction temperatures. Hypothesis As the reaction
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The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect that a glucose concentration has on the rate of fermentation. This was done by adding a variety of different glucose concentration into a test tube‚ siting in a water bath. The carbon dioxide would be collected in the test tube and therefore would measure the rate of fermentation. The results parsley supported the hypothesis that‚ “If the glucose concentration increases‚ the rate of fermentation increases‚ therefore the more carbon dioxide
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Enzymes are naturally occurring biological catalysts that are extremely efficient and specific. Enzymes accelerate the rate of a reaction by factors of at least a million as compared to the same reaction without the enzyme. Most biological reaction rates are not perceivable in the absence of the enzyme. The term enzyme was first used by a German pshysiologist Wilhelm Kühne in 1897. There are over 700 different kinds of enzymes that have been identified. Enzymes can be classified into several categories
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__________________________________ AP Biology LAB 2. ENZYME CATALYSIS ESSAY 2000 The effects of pH and temperature were studied for an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The following results were obtained. a. How do (1) temperature and (2) pH affect the activity of this enzyme? In your answer‚ include a discussion of the relationship between the structure and the function of this enzyme‚ as well as a discussion of how structure and function of enzymes are affected by temperature and pH. b. Describe
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Experiment 4: Enzyme Kinetics. Results/Discussion Week 1 Part A: Table 1. Enzyme activity for each assay of 4-nitroaniline formation. Rate of 4-nitroaniline formation Name of trial Abs/sec Abs/min M/min mol/min µmol/min #1 0.00003 0.0018 2.05x10-7 2.15 x10-10 2.15 x10-4 # 2 0.00010 0.0060 6.81x10-7 7.15x10-10 7.15x10-4 # 3 0.00020 0.0120 1.36x10-6 1.43x10-9 1.43x10-3 # 4 0.00030 0.0180 2.00x10-6 2.10x10-9 2.10x10-3
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Enzyme Inhibition Many drugs exert their action by inhibition of an enzyme activity in the body. If the activity of an enzyme is vital to the cell or organism‚ then inhibition may lead to death of the cell or organism. It is now possible to design new drugs which are enzyme inhibitors once a target enzyme has been identified. Types of Inhibitors A) Reversible Inhibitors: The effect of the inhibitor is instantaneous‚ and it can be removed from the enzyme by dialysis so that the enzyme activity
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To investigate the effect of different caffeine concentration on the heartbeat rate of Daphnia at room temperature. Introduction: Caffeine is found‚ and produced in many plant species to function as a natural pesticide‚ and as an inhibitor of seed germination of other nearby coffee seedlings to give it a better chance of survival. Caffeine is able to paralyze and kill certain insects upon feeding on the plants that produce caffeine. Coffee‚ tea and cocoa are common caffeine-containing
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We are studying the effect of pH on catalase activity. Catalase by scavenging hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen is an important enzyme of cell defense mechanisms against oxidative stress in all living organisms (Dat et al.‚ 2003). Cells use catalase because it is the most efficient enzyme as an antioxidative enzyme which lowers hydrogen peroxide or superoxide to accumulate to toxic levels in plant growth (Bowler et al. 1992). The formula that involves catalase as the enzyme is . pH is a measure
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