Shading: Shadow Angles When attempting to shade a window‚ the absolute azimuth and altitude of the Sun are not as important as the horizontal and vertical shadow angles relative to the window plane. These can be calculated for any time if the azimuth and altitude of the Sun are known. Horizontal Shadow Angle (HSA) This is the horizontal angle between the normal of the window pane or the wall surface and the current Sun azimuth. The normal to a surface is basically the direction that surface
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Efficient Fertilizer Use — Fertigation: by Dr. Bill Segars SECTION CONTENTS: • Introduction • Soil Chemistry • Water Quality Concerns • Fertilizers for Injection Into Irrigation • Use Fertigation Properly and According to Regulations • Irrigation Scheduling & Fertigation • Other Important Factors to Consider When Fertigating Fertigation is defined as the application of nutrients using an irrigation system by introducing the nutrients into the water flowing through the system. The first reported
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how right he truly was. Not just at home but also virtually every commercial organisation of any size is heavily reliant upon IT. At home there is little we can do regarding our use of IT‚ other than not leaving our PC’s switched on uneccessarily‚ but for organisations there is massive scope for affecting energy use‚ recycling‚ the public image‚ and profits through adopting a green approach to IT. Why Do I Need A Green IT Strategy? IT Executives are at last coming under increasing pressure
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edu Abstract Despite availability of multiple orthogonal communication channels on common sensor network platforms‚ such as MicaZ motes‚ and despite multiple simulation-supported designs of multi-channel MAC protocols‚ most existing sensor networks use only one channel for communication‚ which is a source of bandwidth inefficiency. In this work‚ we design‚ implement‚ and experimentally evaluate a practical MAC protocol which utilizes multiple channels efficiently for WSNs. A control theory approach
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Alternate energy source: Solar Energy Solar energy is one of most popular energy sources around the world. this is because it us conveniently to obtainable‚ as well as space efficient. It doesn’t take up a lot space and give superb energy. The sun is one of the most reliable energy sources on this planet. This is because the sun has been predicted to stay “alive” for many million years to come. It’s radiation also does not fluctuate from day to day like other sources of energy. Solar energy is most
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Space-based solar power (SBSP) is the concept of collecting solar power in space for use on Earth. It has been in research since the early 1970s. SSPS consists of a space-based power generation/transmission facility that gathers sunlight‚ converts it into microwaves or laser beams‚ and transmits those to the ground; and a power receiving facility on the ground. Space-based solar power essentially consists of three elements: • a means of collecting solar power in space‚ for example via solar cells
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Human uses of energy over 10‚000 years are explained in Changing Environments (Morris et al‚ 2003a). Until 10‚000 years ago humans lived as hunter gatherers in small groups‚ this changed in the current interglacial stage or Holocene with the introduction of agriculture. Figure 2.19 page 82 of (Morris et al‚ 2003b) indicates that during the early agriculturalist period humans had begun to domesticate animals that could be used for carrying and pulling. Energy use increased from 0.24 W (calculations
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Energy Efficient Condensing Gas and Oil Fired Boilers Condensing boilers are the most energy efficient central heating boilers on the market today. They can be up to 10-15% more efficient than a modern conventional boiler and up to 30% more efficient than older boilers‚ so the energy saving and the impact on your fuel bills can be significant. They achieve this high level of efficiency by removing the heat from the fuel it is burning and also cooling the products of combustion‚ which are normally
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greatly. Background and Purpose Starbucks Corporation can become more energy efficient by using LED light bulbs instead of standard incandescent lights. About 80 percent of our company’s total carbon emission solely comes from the energy use in our stores. This means that energy use is our single biggest impact on the environment‚ but it is also our biggest opportunity to make considerable improvements. Until recently‚ energy was cheap in this country. Also‚ wouldn’t you like to earn the trust and
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1. Despite the fact that many businesses can develop energy technologies and could have great features with great scientific progress‚ but commercialization is a bug in the ear of those undertakings. Skills and market institutions‚ adapting to receive benefits is still rare. Table 4 paper Osamu Kimura in the "Commercialization of energy - efficient technologies in Japan"‚ some technologies failed to get in trade due to lack of marketing skeletal models. Michel Godet ideas for commercialization and
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