John Stuart Mills‚ in his paper Utilitarianism proposed the philosophy is "not something to be contradistinguished from pleasure‚ but pleasure itself‚ together with exemption from pain; and instead of opposing the useful to the agreeable or the ornamental..." However‚ Dickens did not find this harmony to be a possible outcome of the rigidity of logic‚ but found the imagination to be a more fertile ground for producing happiness. Dickens wrote of utilitarianism as it was applied during British industrialization
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.................................................................................................4 BIBLIOGRAPHY Bentham J‚ A Fragment on Government‚ (1776) -The Works of Jeremy Bentham (Simpkin‚ Marshal and Co‚ 1843) Coddington A‚ Utilitarianism Today‚ ‘Political Theory’‚ (Vol. 4‚May‚ 1976) Riddal JG‚ Jurisprudence‚ (2nd edn Oxford Press 2006) Freeman M‚ Harrison R‚ Law and Philosophy Current Legal Issues‚ (Oxford Press 2007) Simmonds NE‚ Central Issues In Jurisprudence‚ (Sweet
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A Virtue Theory is the theory that right actions follow from becoming a moral person‚ and that by becoming a moral person we will automatically know what is right and wrong. When we know what is truly right or wrong we have flourished as humans‚ and we have eudemonia. Virtue ethics is one of the main forms of normative ethics‚ and often called arêtaic ethics (arête- virtue‚ from Greek). It contrasts deontology‚ which emphasizes rules and duties. A virtue is an admirable human characteristic such
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Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy. Though not fully articulated until the 19th century‚ proto-utilitarian positions can be discerned throughout the history of ethical theory. Though there are many varieties of the view discussed‚ utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good. There are
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In philosophy‚ egoism is the theory that one’s self is‚ or should be‚ the motivation and the goal of one’s own action. Egoism has two variants‚ descriptive or normative. The descriptive (or positive) variant conceives egoism as a factual description of human affairs. That is‚ people are motivated by their own interests and desires‚ and they cannot be described otherwise. The normative variant proposes that people should be so motivated‚ regardless of what presently motivates their behavior. Altruism
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Aristotle Virtues Theory talks about doing the right thing because it is rights. Not doing the right thing because it benefits you or because something of your personal is at stake. It is also about understanding right from wrong and applying that knowledge to moral behavior. Aristotle believed that when making a decision morals tend to take over in more cases than none. The decisions that we make has to do with having the knowledge of understanding right from wrong. He also say that the right decisions
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Scandinavian Literature Authun and the Seven Virtues As long as there has been recognized sin in recorded history‚ there has been the virtuous equivalent by which good people live their lives. Before Christianity‚ there were the Pagan virtues‚ and when Christianity came into dominance in Scandinavia‚ it adopted these virtues and added several spiritual virtues of its own. Each virtue can be seen as a reflection of societal thought. The virtues tell how the ideal person lives their life‚ and this
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My reflection on Ethical egoism of Ayn Rand is that she believes that Objectivism’s politics derives immediately from its ethics‚ which provides the principles for "how man should treat other men." These principles of ethics provide the foundation for "the principles of a proper social system." Objectivists hold that laissez-faire capitalism is "the only moral social system." Rand’s defense of individual liberty integrates elements from her entire philosophy. Since reason is the means of human
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Aristotle’s Virtue theory is based on Teleology and the Golden Mean. He says that to be virtuous that we need to act with excellence. He believed that everything on this earth has its own virtue‚ meaning that if it performs the way it’s supposed to by its nature then it is virtuous. He asserted that every event had four causes or four factors that work on it and to bring it into being; 1) Material Cause- the “stuff the thing is made of. 2) Efficient Cause- the force that has brought it into being
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Philosophy 103 April 28‚ 2011 ETHICS The moral issue that I will discuss about is Euthanasia. Euthanasia simplu means bringing the death of another for the benefit of that person and also known as mercy killing. “When a person carries out an act of euthanasia‚ he brings about the death
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