Homemade ink 1. Black Ink: There are several ways to make black ink. Here’s an easy one: take one egg yolk‚ ½ teaspoon lamp black‚ ½ cup honey and one teaspoon gum arabic. Lamp black is available commercially or you can make it yourself by holding a plate or any receptacle over a lit candle - it will take some time to collect half a teaspoon though. Mix all of the ingredients to make a thick paste and add enough water to this paste to dilute it so that it flows easily as a fluid. 2. Gall-Iron
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Manuscript: According to the Advanced Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary manuscript is‚ “An old document or book written by hand in the time before printing was invented.” The Materials of the Islamic Manuscript The prominent surfaces on which manuscripts and Arabic books were written were parchment (riqq‚ raqq‚ or jild)‚ papyrus (a plant grows near water)‚ and paper. According to Arvin‚ “ The earliest writing‚ mostly short inscription‚ can be found in building and coins‚ on camel shoulder blades and ribs‚ on
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others. Step 2; he divided the participants randomly in two groups. By this way‚ two classes of participant will be made and English chunks are taught‚ using Arabic and Farsi in two different classes. Step 3 ; In The first class‚ which consist of 50 Arabs students‚ English chunks are taught by the learners L1 equivalence ‚Arabic‚ and the second class are other 50 Arabs students‚ whom are taught English chunks by Persian language or their L2 equivalence. Step4; a teacher made multiple
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donated by the US Corporation GENESI and Sun Microsystems‚ the ultimate objective of this project will be to create a community based media platform that will play host to audio and audio visual programming with a Moroccan identity‚ that uses Moroccan Arabic (and other local languages such as Amazigh dialects)‚ and that is designed with production values that appeal to Moroccan young people. Project Justification and Background Traditional mass media‚ radio and television‚ in Morocco have been extremely
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me and my siblings learn their native tongue‚ my fathers Yemeni culture and my mothers Turkish culture and most importantly‚ our religion. As soon as they can‚ my parents enrolled me and my siblings in Arabic school and Islamic studies. There we learned how to read‚ write and fluently speak Arabic and also memorize and study the Holy Quran. At home‚ my mother schooled us on the Turkish language. The essence of my childhood was of culture
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THE PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA MINISTRY OF HIGHER EDUCATION AND SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH MENTOURI UNIVERSITY‚ CONSTANTINE FACULTY OF LETTERS AND LANGUAGES DEPARTMENT OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES Code-Variation among Algerian University Students Thesis Submitted to the Department of Foreign Languages in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctorat d’Etat in Linguistics By Mr. AHMED SID Haouès Supervisor: Prof. HAROUNI Zahri Board of Examiners: Chairman: Dr. MOUMENE Ahmed‚ M.C.(Mentouri
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seemed to be Imhotep’s idea because of the engraving on the Step Pyramid as the chief architect. Imhotep designed the pyramid while being under Djoser’s wing. The credit was divided amongst him and his king. Later‚ Moroslay Verner recorded that Egyptians referred to Djoser as the "opener of stone"‚ which means that he was the first one to use stone to build with. The Step Pyramid was very intricate and complex‚ it was designed to amaze and inspire. The Step Pyramid was the tallest structure during
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present; and devotes itself primarily on the cultural implications it has given across cultures and linguistic boundaries through time. The tales which are orally transmitted and composed over the course of several centuries‚ are mainly of Asian and Arabic origin‚ they have become an inextricable part of the Western cultural heritage as well. The stories of Princess Scheherazade‚ Aladdin‚ Sinbad the sailor‚ and Ali Baba‚ for example‚ are firmly established in the Western imagination. The original collection
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Preface * Egyptian Culture & Society * Egyptian Culture & Society - The Social Pyramid of Power * Egyptian Culture and Society - The Nobles * Jobs - The Court Officials * Jobs - The Priests and Priestesses * Jobs - The Soldiers * The Literary Class * Egyptian Culture and Society - The Multitude * Egyptian Culture and Society - Promotion * Jobs - State Employment * Egyptian Culture and Society - The Laborers * Ancient Egyptian society * Ancient
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sun god (variously called Amon‚ Re (Ra)‚ or Aten)‚ was considered greater than other Egyptian deity. Equally important was the Nile River. Which was Egypt’s primary source of it’s deep sense of order. Because of the regularity of the sun’s daily cycle and the Nile’s annual overflow‚ ancient Egyptians felt security. Because of the sun’s regular cycle of rising and setting‚ the ancient Egyptians perceived both the inevitability of death and the promise of birth. "The Hymn to the
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