CRITICISMS OF PORTER’S DIAMOND I. INTRODUCTION The book‚ “The Competitive Advantage of Nations”‚ shows how Michael Porter studied ten developed countries and 100 industries in order to answer questions concerning the national competitive advantage which he found to be inadequately explained by the Heckscher-Ohlin theory and the theory of comparative advantage. (Hill‚ 2009‚ p. 189). These questions include: A. “Why are some nations more successful than others in international competition?”
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Introduction Porter’s 5 forces analysis is a framework for industry analysis and business strategy development developed by Michael E. Porter in 1979 of Harvard Business School. It uses concepts developed in Industrial Organization (IO) economics to derive 5 forces that determine the competitive intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Porter referred to these forces as the microenvironment‚ to contrast it with the more general term macro environment. They consist of those
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Machael Porter’s Value Chain SUPPORT ACTIVITIES Support activities assist the primary activities in helping the organisation achieve its competitive advantage. They include: Procurement: This department must source raw materials for the business and obtain the best price for doing so. The challenge for procurement is to obtain the best possible quality available (on the market) for their budget. Technology development: The use of technology to obtain a competitive advantage is very important
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Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis = Suppliers‚ Customers‚ New Entrants‚ Substitute Products‚ Competitors What is Porter’s 5 Forces Analysis? Porter’s 5 forces analysis represents the competitive environment of the firm. It is a strategic foresight to avoid putting the competitive edge at risk and ensure the profitability of products on a long term. For the company this vision is quite important because the firm is able to direct its innovations in terms of choice of strategies and investments. The
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Porter’s 5 Forces 1. Rivalry among competing sellers a. Strong i. Buyer demand is growing slowly or declining ii. Buyer costs to switch brands are low iii. The products of industry members are commodities iv. The firms in the industry have high fixed costs or high storage costs v. Competitors are numerous or are roughly equal in size and strength vi. Rivals have diverse objectives and strategies vii. High exit barriers
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competitive position‚ and the strength of a position you’re considering moving into. With a clear understanding of where power lies‚ you can take fair advantage of a situation of strength‚ improve a situation of weakness‚ and avoid taking wrong steps. Porter’s five forces include three forces from horizontal competition which are‚ the threat of substitute products or services‚ the threat of established rivals‚ and the threat of new entrants. The other two forces are from the vertical competition which
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Porter’s 5 Forces for Li Ning | Li Ning | | | H for high force‚ L for low force | Match | Intensity of Competitive Rivalry | Number of competitors | H | 1 | | Industry growth rate | H | 0 | | Fixed costs (generally low in IT) | H | 1 | | Storage costs (generally low in IT) | H | 1 | | Product differentiation | H | 0 | | Switching costs | l | 1 | | Exit barriers | H | 1 | | Strategic stakes | H |
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Porter’s analysis[edit] The approach looks at clusters‚ a number of small industries‚ where the competitiveness of one company is related to the performance of other companies and other factors tied together in the value-added chain‚ in customer-client relation‚ or in a local or regional contexts.[2] The Porter analysis was made in two steps.[2] First‚ clusters of successful industries have been mapped in 10 important trading nations.[2] In the second‚ the history of competition in particular
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tructure‚ and Rivalry The structure and management systems of firms in different countries can potentially affect competitiveness. German firms are oftentimes very hierarchical‚ which has resulted in advantages within industries such as engineering. In comparison‚ Danish firms are oftentimes more flat and organic‚ which leads to advantages within industries such as biochemistry and design. Likewise‚ if rivalry in the domestic market is very fierce‚ companies may build up capabilities that can
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Erik Black Choosing whether or not to enter an industry is never an easy decision to make as there are many factors to take into consideration. Porter’s five forces model is one of the most valuable models that can be used to determine a firm’s potential in an industry. The five forces model allows a firm to analyze competition and develop a competitive strategy of their own. These five forces consist of threats of new entrants‚ the power of suppliers‚ the power of buyers‚ product substitutes‚ and
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